Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Pharm Biol. 2013 Sep;51(9):1208-18. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2013.777462. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
In Iran, conventional production methods of herbal oils are widely used by local practitioners. Administration of oils is rooted in traditional knowledge with a history of more than 3000 years. Scientific evaluation of these historical documents can be valuable for finding new potential use in current medicine.
The current study (i) compiled an inventory of herbal oils used in ancient and medieval Persia and (ii) compared the preparation methods and therapeutic applications of ancient times to current findings of medicinal properties in the same plant species.
Information on oils, preparation methods and related clinical administration was obtained from ancient Persian documents and selected manuscripts describing traditional Persian medicine. Moreover, we investigated the efficacy of medicinal plant species used for herbal oils through a search of the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases.
In Iran, the application of medicinal oils date back to ancient times. In medieval Persian documents, 51 medicinal oils produced from 31 plant species, along with specific preparation methods, were identified. Flowers, fruits and leaves were most often used. Herbal oils have been traditionally administered via oral, topical and nasal routes for gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and neural diseases, respectively. According to current investigations, most of the cited medicinal plant species were used for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
Medicinal oils are currently available in Iranian medicinal plant markets and are prepared using traditional procedures for desirable clinical outcomes. Other than historical clarification, the present study provides data on clinical applications of the oils that should lead to future opportunities to investigate their potential medicinal use.
在伊朗，当地从业者广泛采用传统的草药油生产方法。油的使用方法根植于拥有 3000 多年历史的传统知识。对这些历史文献进行科学评估，对于在当前医学中发现新的潜在用途可能具有重要价值。
本研究（i）编制了古代和中世纪波斯使用的草药油清单，（ii）比较了古代的制备方法和治疗应用与同一植物物种当前药用特性的发现。
从古代波斯文献和描述传统波斯医学的精选手稿中获取有关油、制备方法和相关临床应用的信息。此外，我们通过搜索 PubMed、Scopus 和 Google Scholar 数据库来调查用于草药油的药用植物物种的功效。
在伊朗，药用油的应用可以追溯到古代。在中世纪的波斯文献中，确定了 51 种由 31 种植物制成的药用油，以及特定的制备方法。花、果实和叶子是最常用的。草药油传统上通过口服、局部和鼻腔途径用于治疗胃肠道、肌肉骨骼和神经疾病。根据目前的调查，大多数被引用的药用植物物种都因其抗炎和镇痛特性而被使用。
药用油目前在伊朗药用植物市场上有售，并采用传统程序制备，以获得理想的临床效果。除了历史澄清外，本研究还提供了有关油的临床应用的数据，这些数据应该为未来调查其潜在药用用途提供机会。
