Tamm Maria, Jakobson Ainika, Havik Merle, Burk Andres, Timpmann Saima, Allik Jüri, Oöpik Vahur, Kreegipuu Kairi
a Department of Experimental Psychology, Institute of Psychology , University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2014;67(1):197-208. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2013.804849. Epub 2013 Jun 14.
The human perception of time was observed under extremely hot conditions. Young healthy men performed a time production task repeatedly in 4 experimental trials in either a temperate (22 °C, relative humidity 35%) or a hot (42 °C, relative humidity 18%) environment and with or without a moderate-intensity treadmill exercise. Within 1 hour, the produced durations indicated a significant compression of short intervals (0.5 to 10 s) in the combination of exercising and high ambient temperature, while neither variable/condition alone was enough to yield the effect. Temporal judgement was analysed in relation to different indicators of arousal, such as critical flicker frequency (CFF), core temperature, heart rate, and subjective ratings of fatigue and exertion. The arousal-sensitive internal clock model (originally proposed by Treisman) is used to explain the temporal compression while exercising in heat. As a result, we suggest that the psychological response to heat stress, the more precisely perceived fatigue, is important in describing the relationship between core temperature and time perception. Temporal compression is related to higher core temperature, but only if a certain level of perceived fatigue is accounted for, implying the existence of a thermoemotional internal clock.
在极端炎热的条件下观察了人类对时间的感知。年轻健康男性在温度适宜（22°C，相对湿度35%）或炎热（42°C，相对湿度18%）的环境中，以及有或没有中等强度跑步机运动的情况下，在4次实验中反复执行时间生成任务。在1小时内，在运动与高环境温度相结合的情况下，所产生的持续时间表明短时间间隔（0.5至10秒）有显著压缩，而单独的任何一个变量/条件都不足以产生这种效果。根据不同的唤醒指标，如临界闪烁频率（CFF）、核心体温、心率以及疲劳和用力的主观评分，对时间判断进行了分析。唤醒敏感的内部时钟模型（最初由特雷斯曼提出）被用来解释在炎热环境中运动时的时间压缩现象。因此，我们认为，对热应激的心理反应，即更精确感知到的疲劳，在描述核心体温与时间感知之间的关系中很重要。时间压缩与较高的核心体温有关，但前提是考虑到一定程度的感知疲劳，这意味着存在一个热情感内部时钟。
