Zheleva-Dimitrova Dimitrina Zh
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Sofia, Dunav Str. 2, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Pharmacogn Mag. 2013 Apr;9(34):109-13. doi: 10.4103/0973-1296.111251.
Amorpha fruticosa L. and Phytolacca americana L. are native plants for North America, but invasive for Central Europe and the Mediterranean areas. Previous investigation reported DPPH radical scavenging activity of A. fruticosa seeds from Mississippi river basin and P. americana berries from Iran. The aim of the present study was to investigate methanol extracts from leaves and fruits of these invasive species growing in Bulgaria for radical scavenging and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential.
Antioxidant activity was investigated using DPPH and ABTS free radicals; FRAP assay and inhibition of lipid peroxidation in linoleic acid system by FTC. Modified Ellman's colorimetric method was carried out to quantify acetylcholinesterase inhibition potential. In addition, the quantities of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic derivatives were determinated using Folin-Chiocalteu reagent, AlCl3, and Na2MoO4, respectively.
The highest concentrations of total polyphenols and flavonoids were found in A. fruticosa leaves (786.70±1.78 mg/g dry extract and 32.19±0.29 mg/g dry extract, respectively). A. fruticosa fruit was found to be the most enriched in total hydroxycinnamic derivatives (153.55±1.11 mg/g dry extract) and demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity: DPPH, IC50 9.83 μg/mL; ABTS, IC50 2.90 μg/mL; FRAP 642.95±3.95 μg TE/mg de, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, 48.86±0.55% (2 mg/mL).
Phytolacca americana leaves and Amorpha fruticosa could be useful in therapy of free radical pathologies and neurodegenerative disorders.
紫穗槐和垂序商陆是北美本土植物，但在中欧和地中海地区属于入侵物种。先前的研究报道了密西西比河流域紫穗槐种子和伊朗垂序商陆浆果的DPPH自由基清除活性。本研究的目的是调查生长在保加利亚的这些入侵物种的叶和果实的甲醇提取物的自由基清除和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制潜力。
使用DPPH和ABTS自由基、FRAP测定法以及FTC法研究亚油酸体系中脂质过氧化的抑制情况来考察抗氧化活性。采用改良的Ellman比色法对乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制潜力进行定量分析。此外，分别使用福林-酚试剂、三氯化铝和钼酸钠测定总多酚、黄酮类化合物和羟基肉桂酸衍生物的含量。
紫穗槐叶中总多酚和黄酮类化合物的浓度最高（分别为786.70±1.78 mg/g干提取物和32.19±0.29 mg/g干提取物）。紫穗槐果实中总羟基肉桂酸衍生物含量最高（153.55±1.11 mg/g干提取物），并表现出最高的抗氧化活性：DPPH，IC50为9.83 μg/mL；ABTS，IC50为2.90 μg/mL；FRAP为642.95±3.95 μg TE/mg de，以及乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性为48.86±0.55%（2 mg/mL）。
垂序商陆叶和紫穗槐可能对自由基疾病和神经退行性疾病的治疗有用。
