Underwater Research Team (ERRSO), Military Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Toulon, France.
Int J Sports Med. 2013 Dec;34(12):1043-50. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1345136. Epub 2013 Jun 18.
This study aimed at demonstrating that the neoprene wetsuit provides not only thermal protection. Compression it exerts on the diver's shell significantly impacts hydromineral homeostasis by restraining the systemic vascular capacity and secondarily increasing urine output on dry land and during scuba diving. 8 healthy divers underwent five 2-h sessions: sitting out of water in trunks (control situation), sitting out of water wearing a wetsuit, and 3 wetsuit scuba-immersed sessions at 1, 6 and 12 msw depth, respectively. Urine volumes and blood samples were collected. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht) and plasma sodium concentration were measured. Interface pressure between the garment and the skin was measured at 17 sites of the body shell, with a pressure transducer. Mean interface pressures between wetsuit and skin amounted to: 25.8±2.8 mm Hg. Whatever the depth, elastic recoil tension of wetsuit material was unchanged by immersion. Weight loss was respectively 2 and 3 times greater when wetsuit was worn out of water (430 g) and during immersion (710 g) than when divers did not wear any wetsuit out of water (235 g; p<0.05). Urine volume accounted for 85% of weight loss in either session. Weight loss and urine volume were similar whatever immersion depth. The decrease in plasma volume amounted to 8% of urine volume when divers did not wear any wetsuit out of water, and to 30% when wetsuit was worn out of water or during immersion. Diving wetsuit develops a pressure effect that alters diver's hydromineral homeostasis. During immersion, the wetsuit pressure merges into the larger main effect of hydrostatic pressure to reduce water content of body fluids, unrelated to immersion depth.
本研究旨在证明氯丁橡胶潜水服不仅提供热保护。它对潜水员外壳施加的压力通过限制全身血管容量，进而在陆地上和水肺潜水时增加尿液输出，对水盐稳态有显著影响。8 名健康潜水员进行了 5 次 2 小时的试验：穿着泳裤坐在水中（对照情况）、穿着潜水服坐在水中，以及在 1、6 和 12 米深的水肺潜水时分别穿着潜水服进行 3 次潜水。收集尿液量和血液样本。测量血红蛋白（Hb）、红细胞压积（Ht）和血浆钠浓度。用压力传感器测量潜水服与皮肤之间 17 个身体部位的界面压力。潜水服与皮肤之间的平均界面压力为：25.8±2.8 毫米汞柱。无论深度如何，潜水服材料的弹性回弹张力在浸泡时都保持不变。与不穿任何潜水服在水中（235 克）相比，穿着潜水服在水中（430 克）和潜水时（710 克）的体重损失分别增加了 2 倍和 3 倍（p<0.05）。在任何一个试验中，尿液量都占体重损失的 85%。无论潜水深度如何，体重损失和尿液量都相似。不穿任何潜水服在水中时，血浆体积减少了 8%，而穿着潜水服在水中或潜水时则减少了 30%。潜水服会产生一种压力效应，改变潜水员的水盐稳态。在潜水时，潜水服的压力与静水压力的更大主效应合并，减少体液的含水量，与潜水深度无关。
