Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Aug 26;149(1):157-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.015. Epub 2013 Jun 18.
Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae), popularly known as "mil-folhas", is well recognized and widely used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat heart and kidney disorders. Among its popularly described effects are diuretic and hypotensive actions.
The diuretic activity of Achillea millefolium L. extracts and its semi-purified fractions, as well as the mechanisms involved, were evaluated in male Wistar rats.
An aqueous extract (AEAM, 125-500 mg/kg), hydroethanolic extract (HEAM, 30-300 mg/kg), dichloromethane subfractions (DCM-2, 10 and 30 mg/kg), or hydrochlorothiazide (10mg/kg), were orally administered and the animals were kept in metabolic cages for 8h for urine collection. To evaluate the involvement of bradykinin and prostaglandins in the diuretic action of Achillea millefolium, selected groups of rats received HOE-140 (1.5mg/kg, i.p.) or indomethacin (5mg/kg, p.o.), before treatment with a DCM-2 subfraction (30 mg/kg). The urinary volume, conductivity, pH, density and electrolyte excretion were measured.
Similar to hydrochlorothiazide, both HEAM and DCM-2, but not AEAM, increased urinary volume and the excretion of Na(+) and K(+) when compared with the control group (vehicle). The diuretic effect of DCM-2 was abolished by HOE-140 (a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist), as well as by indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor).
The present study reveals that extracts obtained from Achillea millefolium are able to effectively increase diuresis when orally administered in rats. This effect depends on both the activation of bradykinin B2 receptors and the activity of cyclooxygenases.
蓍草（菊科），俗称“mil-folhas”，在巴西民间医学中被广泛用于治疗心脏和肾脏疾病，且疗效显著。其主要作用有：利尿和降血压。
评估蓍草提取物及其半纯化部分的利尿活性，以及涉及的相关机制，采用雄性 Wistar 大鼠进行实验。
口服给予水提物（AEAM，125-500mg/kg）、水醇提物（HEAM，30-300mg/kg）、二氯甲烷部分（DCM-2，10 和 30mg/kg）或氢氯噻嗪（10mg/kg），并将动物置于代谢笼中 8 小时收集尿液。为了评估缓激肽和前列腺素在蓍草利尿作用中的作用，在给予 DCM-2 部分（30mg/kg）之前，选择的大鼠组接受 HOE-140（1.5mg/kg，ip）或吲哚美辛（5mg/kg，po）。测量尿体积、电导率、pH 值、密度和电解质排泄。
与氢氯噻嗪相似，HEAM 和 DCM-2 均能增加尿量和 Na(+)、K(+)的排泄，但 AEAM 则不然。DCM-2 的利尿作用被 HOE-140（缓激肽 B2 受体拮抗剂）和吲哚美辛（环氧化酶抑制剂）所阻断。
本研究表明，从蓍草中提取的提取物能够有效地增加大鼠的尿量。这种作用依赖于缓激肽 B2 受体的激活和环氧化酶的活性。
