Department of Chemistry & Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
Biomaterials. 2013 Sep;34(29):7127-34. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.028. Epub 2013 Jun 21.
The biodistribution of lanthanide-based upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) has attracted increasing attention, and all of the reported UCNPs display metabolism in the liver and spleen mainly. Herein, ∼8 nm poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-coated NaYF4 nanoparticles codoped with Yb(3+), Er(3+), and (or) radioactive (153)Sm(3+) ions were synthesized, through a hydrothermal synthetic system assisted by binary cooperative ligands with oleic acid and PEG dicarboxylic acids. The as-prepared PEG-coating NaYF4:Yb,Er and NaYF4:Yb,Er,(153)Sm are denoted as PEG-UCNPs and PEG-UCNPs((153)Sm), respectively. PEG-UCNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The PEG-UCNPs showed excellent water solubility with a hydrodynamic diameter of ∼10 nm and displayed upconversion luminescence (UCL) under continuous-wave excitation at 980 nm. At the same time, the (153)Sm-doped nanoparticles PEG-UCNPs((153)Sm) displayed radioactivity, and time-dependent biodistribution of PEG-UCNPs((153)Sm) was investigated, through single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging and γ-counter analysis. Interestingly, PEG-UCNPs((153)Sm) had a long blood retention time and were partly eliminated through urinary pathways in vivo. Therefore, the concept of fabricating PEG-coated, small nanosize (sub-10 nm) nanoparticles with radioactive property is a useful strategy for providing a potential method to monitor lanthanide nanoparticles renal clearable.
基于镧系元素的上转换纳米荧光粉（UCNPs）的生物分布引起了越来越多的关注，所有报道的 UCNPs 主要在肝脏和脾脏中显示代谢。在此，通过二元协同配体油酸和聚乙二醇二羧酸辅助的水热合成体系，合成了掺杂 Yb(3+)、Er(3+)和（或）放射性（153）Sm(3+)离子的~8nm 聚乙二醇（PEG）包覆的 NaYF4 纳米粒子。所制备的 PEG 包覆的 NaYF4：Yb，Er 和 NaYF4：Yb，Er，（153）Sm 分别表示为 PEG-UCNPs 和 PEG-UCNPs（（153）Sm）。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X 射线衍射（XRD）分析和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱对 PEG-UCNPs 进行了表征。PEG-UCNPs 具有极好的水溶性，水动力直径约为 10nm，并在 980nm 连续波激发下显示上转换发光（UCL）。同时，（153）Sm 掺杂纳米粒子 PEG-UCNPs（（153）Sm）显示放射性，并通过单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）成像和γ计数器分析研究了 PEG-UCNPs（（153）Sm）的时间依赖性体内分布。有趣的是，PEG-UCNPs（（153）Sm）在体内具有较长的血液保留时间，并部分通过尿途径排出。因此，制备具有放射性的 PEG 包覆的、小纳米尺寸（亚 10nm）纳米粒子的概念是提供监测镧系纳米粒子肾可清除性的潜在方法的有用策略。
