Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2014 Jan;42(1):36-41. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.06.006. Epub 2013 Jun 22.
Innate immunity is the front line of self-defense against infectious non-self in vertebrates and invertebrates. The innate immune system is mediated by germ-line encoding pattern recognition molecules (pathogen sensors) that recognize conserved molecular patterns present in the pathogens but absent in the host. Peptidoglycans (PGN) are essential cell wall components of almost all bacteria, except mycoplasma lacking a cell wall, which provides the host immune system an advantage for detecting invading bacteria. Several families of pattern recognition molecules that detect PGN and PGN-derived compounds have been indentified, and the role of PGRP family members in host defense is relatively well-characterized in Drosophila. This review focuses on the role of PGRP family members in the recognition of invading bacteria and the activation and modulation of immune responses in Drosophila.
先天免疫系统是脊椎动物和无脊椎动物抵御感染性非自身的第一道防线。先天免疫系统由胚系编码的模式识别分子（病原体传感器）介导，这些分子识别存在于病原体中而不存在于宿主中的保守分子模式。肽聚糖（PGN）是几乎所有细菌的必需细胞壁成分，除了缺乏细胞壁的支原体，这为宿主免疫系统提供了检测入侵细菌的优势。已经鉴定出了几种识别 PGN 和 PGN 衍生化合物的模式识别分子家族，PGRP 家族成员在果蝇中的宿主防御中的作用得到了较好的描述。本文综述了 PGRP 家族成员在识别入侵细菌以及激活和调节果蝇免疫反应中的作用。
