Maghsoudi Zahra, Azadbakht Leila
Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Res Med Sci. 2012 Jul;17(7):694-709.
To investigate the role of dietary patterns in prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
A systematic review of databases which were published in ISI, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, PubMed, Iran Medex, and MagIran was performed. "Diabetes" and "dietary pattern" were used as the keywords.
A total of 58 studies which aimed to focus on diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, dietary pattern, and other related key words were reviewed. More than 47,447 articles were found and 46,709 entries of the extracted studies were excluded on the basis of the title and abstracts. The major dietary patterns were: "Healthy", "Western", "Traditional", "Prudent", "Unhealthy", "Mediterranean", "Modern", and "Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension" (DASH) diets. Comparison of the effects of different diets revealed that dietary patterns containing fiber-rich foods have a protective role in managing diabetes mellitus. "Healthy", "Mediterranean", "Prudent", and "DASH" dietary patterns were associated with lower risk of hyperglycemia.
The adherence to the Mediterranean, Prudent, or DASH diets could control hyperglycemia. The higher intake of vegetables, fruits, nuts, whole grains, and lower intake of red meat could reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
探讨饮食模式在2型糖尿病预防和管理中的作用。
对ISI、Cochrane对照试验中心注册数据库、PubMed、伊朗医学数据库和MagIran中发表的数据库进行系统综述。以“糖尿病”和“饮食模式”作为关键词。
共检索到58项旨在关注糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、饮食模式及其他相关关键词的研究。共找到47447多篇文章，根据标题和摘要排除了46709条提取研究的条目。主要的饮食模式有：“健康”、“西方”、“传统”、“谨慎”、“不健康”、“地中海”、“现代”以及“终止高血压饮食方法”（DASH）饮食。不同饮食效果的比较显示，富含纤维食物的饮食模式在糖尿病管理中具有保护作用。“健康”、“地中海”、“谨慎”和“DASH”饮食模式与较低的高血糖风险相关。
坚持地中海饮食、谨慎饮食或DASH饮食可控制高血糖。增加蔬菜、水果、坚果、全谷物的摄入量并减少红肉摄入量可降低2型糖尿病的风险。
