Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013 Aug;57(8):1319-35. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201200808. Epub 2013 Jul 1.
The field of lipidomics is providing nutritional science a more comprehensive view of lipid intermediates. Lipidomics research takes advantage of the increase in accuracy and sensitivity of mass detection of MS with new bioinformatics toolsets to characterize the structures and abundances of complex lipids. Yet, translating lipidomics to practice via nutritional interventions is still in its infancy. No single instrumentation platform is able to solve the varying analytical challenges of the different molecular lipid species. Biochemical pathways of lipid metabolism remain incomplete and the tools to map lipid compositional data to pathways are still being assembled. Biology itself is dauntingly complex and simply separating biological structures remains a key challenge to lipidomics. Nonetheless, the strategy of combining tandem analytical methods to perform the sensitive, high-throughput, quantitative, and comprehensive analysis of lipid metabolites of very large numbers of molecules is poised to drive the field forward rapidly. Among the next steps for nutrition to understand the changes in structures, compositions, and function of lipid biomolecules in response to diet is to describe their distribution within discrete functional compartments lipoproteins. Additionally, lipidomics must tackle the task of assigning the functions of lipids as signaling molecules, nutrient sensors, and intermediates of metabolic pathways.
脂质组学领域为营养科学提供了更全面的脂质中间产物视角。脂质组学研究利用 MS 质量检测的准确性和灵敏度的提高，结合新的生物信息学工具集，对复杂脂质的结构和丰度进行特征描述。然而，通过营养干预将脂质组学转化为实践仍然处于起步阶段。没有单一的仪器平台能够解决不同分子脂质种类的各种分析挑战。脂质代谢的生化途径仍然不完整，将脂质组成数据映射到途径的工具仍在组装中。生物学本身非常复杂，仅分离生物结构仍然是脂质组学的一个关键挑战。尽管如此，结合串联分析方法来对大量分子的脂质代谢物进行敏感、高通量、定量和全面分析的策略，有望快速推动该领域的发展。营养下一步要了解的是，脂质生物分子的结构、组成和功能如何响应饮食而发生变化，就是描述它们在离散功能隔室脂蛋白中的分布。此外，脂质组学必须解决将脂质分配为信号分子、营养传感器和代谢途径中间产物的任务。
