Warwick P M, Busby R
Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Nutrition, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
Br J Nutr. 1990 May;63(3):481-8. doi: 10.1079/bjn19900135.
Ten subjects aged 19-35 years (four men and six women) underwent two measurements of 24 h energy expenditure (EE) in a whole-body respiration calorimeter, one at a temperature of 28 degrees and one at 20 degrees. Choice of clothing was allowed. Dietary intake was standardized and subjects were asked to follow the same pattern of activity during both measurements. Mean 24 h EE was significantly greater at the cooler temperature by 5.0 (SD 5.5)%, with individual differences ranging from 4.6% lower to 12.6% higher. The difference in EE at the two temperatures was similar during the day and the night and occurred even though subjects wore more clothes and used more bedding at 20 degrees. No relationship was observed between response to 20 degrees and body-weight status. In conclusion, the assumption that mild cold is unlikely to affect EE in subjects wearing normal clothing may be incorrect.
10名年龄在19至35岁之间的受试者（4名男性和6名女性）在全身呼吸热量计中进行了两次24小时能量消耗（EE）测量，一次在28摄氏度的温度下，一次在20摄氏度的温度下。允许选择衣物。饮食摄入量标准化，并且要求受试者在两次测量期间遵循相同的活动模式。在较凉爽的温度下，平均24小时EE显著高出5.0（标准差5.5）%，个体差异范围从低4.6%到高12.6%。两个温度下的EE差异在白天和夜晚相似，即使受试者在20摄氏度时穿了更多衣服并使用了更多被褥，这种差异仍然存在。未观察到对20摄氏度的反应与体重状况之间存在关联。总之，认为轻度寒冷不太可能影响穿着正常衣物的受试者的EE这一假设可能是错误的。
