1The Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; 3Injury Biomechanics Research Laboratory, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; 4Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; and 5Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2014 Jan;46(1):115-23. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a32d0d.
This study aimed to quantify differences between head acceleration measured by a helmet-based accelerometer system for ice hockey and an anthropometric test device (ATD) to validate the system's use in measuring on-ice head impacts.
A Hybrid III 50th percentile male ATD head and neck was fit with a helmet instrumented with the Head Impact Telemetry (HIT) System for hockey and impacted at various speeds and directions with different interfaces between the head and helmet. Error between the helmet-based and reference peak accelerations was quantified, and the influence of impact direction and helmet-head interface was evaluated. Regression equations were used to reduce error. System-reported impact direction was validated.
Nineteen percent of impacts were removed from the data set by the HIT System processing algorithm and were not eligible for analysis. Errors in peak acceleration between the system and ATD varied from 18% to 31% and from 35% to 64% for linear and rotational acceleration, respectively, but were reduced via regression equations. The relationship between HIT System and reference acceleration varied by direction (P < 0.001) and head-helmet interface (P = 0.005). Errors in impact azimuth were approximately 4%, 10%, and 31% for side, back, and oblique back impacts, respectively.
This is the first comprehensive evaluation of peak head acceleration measured by the HIT System for hockey. The HIT System processing algorithm removed 19% of the impacts from the data set, the correlation between HIT System and reference peak resultant acceleration was strong and varied by head surface and impact direction, and the system error was larger than reported for the 6-degree-of-freedom HIT System for football but could be reduced via calibration factors. These findings must be considered when interpreting on-ice data.
本研究旨在量化冰球头盔式加速度计系统与人体测量测试设备（ATD）测量的头部加速度之间的差异，以验证该系统在测量冰上头部冲击方面的适用性。
将 Hybrid III 50 百分位男性 ATD 头部和颈部安装在带有用于曲棍球的 Head Impact Telemetry（HIT）系统的头盔上，并以不同的速度和方向，以及头盔和头部之间的不同接口进行撞击。量化了头盔式和参考峰值加速度之间的误差，并评估了冲击方向和头盔-头部接口的影响。使用回归方程来减少误差。验证了系统报告的冲击方向。
HIT 系统处理算法从数据集删除了 19%的冲击，这些冲击不符合分析条件。系统与 ATD 之间的峰值加速度误差在 18%到 31%之间，线性加速度误差在 35%到 64%之间，但通过回归方程可以减少误差。HIT 系统与参考加速度之间的关系因方向（P < 0.001）和头部-头盔接口（P = 0.005）而异。冲击方位角的误差分别约为侧面、背面和斜背面冲击的 4%、10%和 31%。
这是首次对冰球用 HIT 系统测量的峰值头部加速度进行全面评估。HIT 系统处理算法从数据集中删除了 19%的冲击，HIT 系统与参考峰值合成加速度之间的相关性很强，且因头部表面和冲击方向而异，系统误差大于报告的用于足球的 6 自由度 HIT 系统，但可以通过校准因子来减少。在解释冰上数据时，必须考虑这些发现。
