Visual Cognition Laboratory, Institute for Mind and Brain and Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina Columbia, SC, USA.
Front Psychol. 2013 Jul 2;4:400. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00400. eCollection 2013.
Oculomotor inhibition of return (O-IOR) is an increase in saccade latency prior to an eye movement to a recently fixated location compared to other locations. It has been proposed that this temporal O-IOR may have spatial consequences, facilitating foraging by inhibiting return to previously attended regions. In order to test this possibility, participants viewed arrays of objects and of words while their eye movements were recorded. Temporal O-IOR was observed, with equivalent effects for object and word arrays, indicating that temporal O-IOR is an oculomotor phenomenon independent of array content. There was no evidence for spatial inhibition of return (IOR). Instead, spatial facilitation of return was observed: participants were significantly more likely than chance to make return saccades and to re-fixate just-visited locations. Further, the likelihood of making a return saccade to an object or word was contingent on the amount of time spent viewing that object or word before leaving it. This suggests that, unlike temporal O-IOR, return probability is influenced by cognitive processing. Taken together, these results are inconsistent with the hypothesis that IOR functions as a foraging facilitator. The results also provide strong evidence for a different oculomotor bias that could serve as a foraging facilitator: saccadic momentum, a tendency to repeat the most recently executed saccade program. We suggest that models of visual attention could incorporate saccadic momentum in place of IOR.
眼动抑制返回（Oculomotor Inhibition of Return，O-IOR）是指与其他位置相比，在眼睛运动到最近注视的位置之前，眼跳潜伏期会增加。有人提出，这种时间上的 O-IOR 可能会产生空间上的后果，通过抑制对先前注意区域的返回，从而促进觅食。为了验证这种可能性，参与者在观看物体和单词的数组的同时记录他们的眼动。观察到时间上的 O-IOR，对物体和单词数组有等效的影响，这表明时间上的 O-IOR 是一种独立于数组内容的眼球运动现象。没有空间抑制返回（Inhibition of Return，IOR）的证据。相反，观察到返回的空间促进：与随机相比，参与者更有可能进行返回眼跳并重新注视刚刚访问过的位置。此外，返回注视某个物体或单词的可能性取决于在离开该物体或单词之前观看该物体或单词的时间量。这表明，与时间上的 O-IOR 不同，返回概率受到认知处理的影响。总之，这些结果与 IOR 作为觅食促进剂的假设不一致。这些结果还为一种不同的眼球运动偏差提供了强有力的证据，这种偏差可以作为觅食促进剂：眼跳动量，即重复最近执行的眼跳程序的趋势。我们建议，视觉注意模型可以用眼跳动量代替 IOR。
