Bacteria Growth Monitoring Through a Differential CMOS Capacitive Sensor.

In this paper, we present a bacteria growth monitoring technique using a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor capacitive sensor. The proposed platform features a differential capacitive readout architecture with two interdigitized reference and sensing electrodes. These electrodes are exposed to pure Luria-Bertani (LB) medium and Escherichia Coli (E. Coli) bacteria suspended in the LB medium, respectively. In order to direct the solutions toward the electrodes, two microfluidic channels are implemented atop the electrodes through a direct-write assembly technique. We thereafter demonstrate and discuss the experimental results by using two different bacteria concentrations in the order of 10(6) and 10(7) per 1 mL in the LB medium.