Garcia S E, Kaiser L L, Dewey K G
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis 95616.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1990 May;44(5):381-7.
The energy intake of children in a population characterized by chronic malnutrition was measured in order to examine the effects of eating frequency and caloric density. Forty-five children aged 33-60 months were each observed continuously throughout one day. Food intake was determined by weighing and all aspects of food-related behavior were recorded. The children ate on average 13.5 +/- 4 times each day. Children who ate more frequently had significantly higher energy intake than children who ate fewer than 13 times [1655 vs. 1395 kcal (6928 vs. 5839 kJ)], and the excess was consumed during snacks. The caloric density of all foods consumed averaged 121 kcal (507 kJ) per 100 g. While children served meals of low caloric density [less than 100 kcal (419 kJ) per 100 g] consumed less energy at meals than did other children [709 vs. 900 kcal (2968 vs. 3767 kJ)], they consumed more energy from snacks [917 vs. 617 kcal (3839 vs. 2583 kJ]. Thus, total energy intake did not differ significantly between children served meals of lower vs. higher caloric density.
为了研究进餐频率和热量密度的影响，对一群患有慢性营养不良的儿童的能量摄入情况进行了测量。对45名年龄在33至60个月的儿童进行了为期一天的连续观察。通过称重确定食物摄入量，并记录与食物相关行为的各个方面。这些儿童平均每天进食13.5±4次。进餐频率较高的儿童比进餐次数少于13次的儿童能量摄入量显著更高[1655千卡对1395千卡（6928千焦对5839千焦）]，且多余的能量是在吃零食时摄入的。所有摄入食物的热量密度平均为每100克121千卡（507千焦）。虽然提供低热量密度食物[每100克少于100千卡（419千焦）]的儿童进餐时摄入的能量比其他儿童少[709千卡对900千卡（2968千焦对3767千焦）]，但他们从零食中摄入的能量更多[917千卡对617千卡（3839千焦对2583千焦）]。因此，提供低热量密度食物的儿童与提供高热量密度食物的儿童之间总能量摄入量没有显著差异。
