比较不同风险感知测量指标在预测香港健康成年人群季节性流感疫苗接种中的作用：一项前瞻性纵向研究。
Comparison of different risk perception measures in predicting seasonal influenza vaccination among healthy Chinese adults in Hong Kong: a prospective longitudinal study.
机构信息
Health Behaviors Research Group, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2013 Jul 19;8(7):e68019. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068019. Print 2013.
BACKGROUND
Risk perception is a reported predictor of vaccination uptake, but which measures of risk perception best predict influenza vaccination uptake remain unclear.
METHODOLOGY
During the main influenza seasons (between January and March) of 2009 (Wave 1) and 2010 (Wave 2),505 Chinese students and employees from a Hong Kong university completed an online survey. Multivariate logistic regression models were conducted to assess how well different risk perceptions measures in Wave 1 predicted vaccination uptake against seasonal influenza in Wave 2.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
The results of the multivariate logistic regression models showed that feeling at risk (β = 0.25, p = 0.021) was the better predictor compared with probability judgment while probability judgment (β = 0.25, p = 0.029 ) was better than beliefs about risk in predicting subsequent influenza vaccination uptake. Beliefs about risk and feeling at risk seemed to predict the same aspect of subsequent vaccination uptake because their associations with vaccination uptake became insignificant when paired into the logistic regression model. Similarly, to compare the four scales for assessing probability judgment in predicting vaccination uptake, the 7-point verbal scale remained a significant and stronger predictor for vaccination uptake when paired with other three scales; the 6-point verbal scale was a significant and stronger predictor when paired with the percentage scale or the 2-point verbal scale; and the percentage scale was a significant and stronger predictor only when paired with the 2-point verbal scale.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Beliefs about risk and feeling at risk are not well differentiated by Hong Kong Chinese people. Feeling at risk, an affective-cognitive dimension of risk perception predicts subsequent vaccination uptake better than do probability judgments. Among the four scales for assessing risk probability judgment, the 7-point verbal scale offered the best predictive power for subsequent vaccination uptake.
背景
风险感知是疫苗接种率的一个报告预测因素，但哪些风险感知衡量标准最能预测流感疫苗接种率尚不清楚。
方法
在 2009 年（第 1 波）和 2010 年（第 2 波）的主要流感季节（1 月至 3 月之间），来自香港一所大学的 505 名中国学生和员工完成了一项在线调查。使用多元逻辑回归模型来评估第 1 波中的不同风险感知衡量标准如何预测第 2 波中季节性流感疫苗接种率。
主要发现
多元逻辑回归模型的结果表明，感觉有风险（β=0.25，p=0.021）比概率判断更好地预测了随后的流感疫苗接种率，而概率判断（β=0.25，p=0.029）比风险信念更好地预测了随后的流感疫苗接种率。风险信念和感觉有风险似乎预测了随后接种疫苗的相同方面，因为当将两者配对到逻辑回归模型中时，它们与接种疫苗的相关性变得不显著。同样，为了比较评估概率判断的四种量表在预测接种疫苗中的作用，7 点言语量表在与其他三种量表配对时仍然是接种疫苗的显著和更强预测因素；6 点言语量表在与百分比量表或 2 点言语量表配对时是一个显著和更强的预测因素；而百分比量表仅在与 2 点言语量表配对时才是一个显著和更强的预测因素。
结论/意义：香港中国人无法很好地区分风险信念和感觉有风险。感觉有风险，即风险感知的情感认知维度，比概率判断更好地预测了随后的疫苗接种率。在评估风险概率判断的四种量表中，7 点言语量表对随后的疫苗接种率具有最佳的预测能力。
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