Rabinovich Anna, Morton Thomas A, Landon Emily, Neill Caitlin, Mason-Brown Sapphire, Burdett Lucie
University of Exeter, UK.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2014 Sep;53(3):484-500. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12041. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
In three experimental studies, we investigated the effect of the content of group-directed feedback on categorization of the feedback source as an ingroup or an outgroup member. In all studies, feedback valence (criticism vs. praise) and the attributional content of feedback (attributing outcomes to internal properties of the group vs. external circumstances) were experimentally manipulated. The results demonstrated that anonymous (Study 1) and ambiguous (Studies 2 and 3) sources of feedback are more likely to be seen as (typical) ingroup members when they provide praise rather than criticism. In addition, in all studies there was a significant interaction between valence and the attributional content of feedback, such that sources of praise were more likely to be seen as ingroup members when they attributed the group's success to internal (rather than external) causes, while the opposite was observed for critics. These effects were mediated by perceived group image threat. Implications for research on group-based feedback and social categorization are discussed.
在三项实验研究中，我们调查了针对群体的反馈内容对将反馈源归类为内群体或外群体成员的影响。在所有研究中，反馈效价（批评与表扬）以及反馈的归因内容（将结果归因于群体的内部属性还是外部环境）均通过实验进行了操控。结果表明，匿名（研究1）和模糊（研究2和3）的反馈源在提供表扬而非批评时，更有可能被视为（典型的）内群体成员。此外，在所有研究中，反馈效价与反馈的归因内容之间存在显著的交互作用，即表扬性反馈源在将群体的成功归因于内部（而非外部）原因时，更有可能被视为内群体成员，而批评性反馈源则呈现相反的情况。这些效应是由感知到的群体形象威胁所介导的。文中讨论了对基于群体的反馈和社会分类研究的启示。
