Department of Plant Pathology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
New Phytol. 2013 Sep;199(4):908-15. doi: 10.1111/nph.12214. Epub 2013 Mar 20.
Bacterial pathogens can cause multiple plant diseases and plants rely on their innate immune system to recognize and actively respond to these microbes. The plant innate immune system comprises extracellular pattern recognition receptors that recognize conserved microbial patterns and intracellular nucleotide binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins that recognize specific bacterial effectors delivered into host cells. Plants lack the adaptive immune branch present in animals, but still afford flexibility to pathogen attack through systemic and transgenerational resistance. Here, we focus on current research in plant immune responses against bacterial pathogens. Recent studies shed light onto the activation and inactivation of pattern recognition receptors and systemic acquired resistance. New research has also uncovered additional layers of complexity surrounding NLR immune receptor activation, cooperation and sub-cellular localizations. Taken together, these recent advances bring us closer to understanding the web of molecular interactions responsible for coordinating defense responses and ultimately resistance.
细菌病原体可引发多种植物病害，而植物依赖其固有免疫系统来识别和积极响应这些微生物。植物固有免疫系统包括识别保守微生物模式的细胞外模式识别受体，以及识别特定细菌效应物在宿主细胞中表达的细胞内核苷酸结合富含亮氨酸重复（NLR）蛋白。植物缺乏动物中存在的适应性免疫系统分支，但仍通过系统和跨代抗性来适应病原体的攻击。在这里，我们重点介绍植物对细菌病原体免疫反应的最新研究进展。最近的研究揭示了模式识别受体和系统性获得抗性的激活和失活机制。新的研究还揭示了 NLR 免疫受体激活、合作和亚细胞定位的更多复杂性。总的来说，这些最新进展使我们更接近于理解协调防御反应并最终产生抗性的分子相互作用网络。
