变化的斜率：一种环境管理方法，以减少美国一所大学庆祝日的饮酒量。
The slope of change: an environmental management approach to reduce drinking on a day of celebration at a US college.
机构信息
Gannett Health Services, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
出版信息
J Am Coll Health. 2013;61(6):324-34. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2013.788008.
OBJECTIVE
This research extends the literature on event-specific environmental management with a case study evaluation of an intervention designed to reduce student drinking at a university's year-end celebration.
PARTICIPANTS
Cornell University undergraduates were surveyed each May from 2001 through 2009. Sample sizes ranged from 322 to 1,973.
METHODS
Randomly sampled surveys were conducted after a large, annual spring campus celebration. An environmental management plan was initiated in 2003 that included increased enforcement of the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) law.
RESULTS
In the short term, drinking at the campus celebration decreased while drinking before the event increased. Over time, the intervention significantly reduced high-risk drinking on the day of the event, especially among those under the age of 21.
CONCLUSION
These findings are contrary to the argument that enforcement of MLDA laws simply leads to increased high-risk drinking, and therefore have implications for how colleges approach the challenge of student alcohol misuse.
目的
本研究通过对一项旨在减少大学年终庆典学生饮酒的干预措施的案例研究评估，扩展了特定事件环境管理的文献。
参与者
康奈尔大学本科生在 2001 年至 2009 年期间每年 5 月接受调查。样本量从 322 到 1973 不等。
方法
在一次大型的年度春季校园庆祝活动后，进行了随机抽样调查。2003 年开始实施环境管理计划，包括加强对法定最低饮酒年龄（MLDA）法律的执行力度。
结果
短期内，校园庆祝活动中的饮酒量减少，而活动前的饮酒量增加。随着时间的推移，干预措施显著降低了活动当天的高危饮酒量，尤其是 21 岁以下的人群。
结论
这些发现与执行 MLDA 法律只会导致高危饮酒量增加的论点相悖，因此对大学如何应对学生酗酒问题具有启示意义。
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