BilGen Genetics and Biotechnology Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800 Turkey ; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800 Turkey ; Department of Psychology, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800 Turkey.
Aging Dis. 2013 Jun 17;4(4):221-32. Print 2013 Aug.
Brain aging is a multifactorial process that is occurring across multiple cognitive domains. A significant complaint that occurs in the elderly is a decrement in learning and memory ability. Both rodents and zebrafish exhibit a similar problem with memory during aging. The neurobiological changes that underlie this cognitive decline are complex and undoubtedly influenced by many factors. Alterations in the birth of new neurons and neuron turnover may contribute to age-related cognitive problems. Caloric restriction is the only non-genetic intervention that reliably increases life span and healthspan across multiple organisms although the molecular mechanisms are not well-understood. Recently the zebrafish has become a popular model organism for understanding the neurobiological consequences but to date very little work has been performed. Similarly, few studies have examined the effects of dietary restriction in zebrafish. Here we review the literature related to memory decline, neurogenesis, and caloric restriction across model organisms and suggest that zebrafish has the potential to be an important animal model for understanding the complex interactions between age, neurobiological changes in the brain, and dietary regimens or their mimetics as interventions.
大脑衰老（brain aging）是一个多因素的过程，会发生在多个认知领域。老年人中一个显著的抱怨是学习和记忆能力的下降。在衰老过程中，啮齿动物和斑马鱼都表现出类似的记忆问题。这种认知能力下降的神经生物学变化很复杂，无疑受到许多因素的影响。新神经元的产生和神经元更替的改变可能会导致与年龄相关的认知问题。虽然其分子机制尚不清楚，但热量限制是唯一一种可靠地增加多种生物体寿命和健康寿命的非遗传干预措施。最近，斑马鱼已成为一种用于理解神经生物学后果的流行模式生物，但迄今为止，相关工作很少。同样，很少有研究检查饮食限制对斑马鱼的影响。在这里，我们回顾了与模式生物的记忆衰退、神经发生和热量限制相关的文献，并提出斑马鱼有可能成为理解年龄、大脑神经生物学变化与饮食方案或其类似物之间复杂相互作用的重要动物模型，这些饮食方案或其类似物可以作为干预措施。
