Neuroscience Center and the Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599; email:
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2013;29:299-353. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101512-122400. Epub 2013 Aug 7.
The emergence of functional neuronal connectivity in the developing cerebral cortex depends on neuronal migration. This process enables appropriate positioning of neurons and the emergence of neuronal identity so that the correct patterns of functional synaptic connectivity between the right types and numbers of neurons can emerge. Delineating the complexities of neuronal migration is critical to our understanding of normal cerebral cortical formation and neurodevelopmental disorders resulting from neuronal migration defects. For the most part, the integrated cell biological basis of the complex behavior of oriented neuronal migration within the developing mammalian cerebral cortex remains an enigma. This review aims to analyze the integrative mechanisms that enable neurons to sense environmental guidance cues and translate them into oriented patterns of migration toward defined areas of the cerebral cortex. We discuss how signals emanating from different domains of neurons get integrated to control distinct aspects of migratory behavior and how different types of cortical neurons coordinate their migratory activities within the developing cerebral cortex to produce functionally critical laminar organization.
发育中的大脑皮层中功能性神经元连接的出现取决于神经元迁移。这个过程使神经元能够正确定位，并形成神经元的身份，从而使正确类型和数量的神经元之间出现功能性突触连接的正确模式。阐明神经元迁移的复杂性对于我们理解正常大脑皮层的形成以及由于神经元迁移缺陷而导致的神经发育障碍至关重要。在很大程度上，发育中的哺乳动物大脑皮层中定向神经元迁移的复杂行为的综合细胞生物学基础仍然是一个谜。本文旨在分析使神经元能够感知环境导向线索并将其转化为朝向大脑皮层特定区域的定向迁移模式的整合机制。我们讨论了来自神经元不同区域的信号如何整合以控制迁移行为的不同方面，以及不同类型的皮质神经元如何在发育中的大脑皮层中协调其迁移活动以产生功能关键的层状组织。
