Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225, Dusseldorf, Germany,
Semin Immunopathol. 2013 Nov;35(6):677-91. doi: 10.1007/s00281-013-0394-4. Epub 2013 Aug 16.
Among other functions, the skin serves as the barrier against the environment and provides vital protection from physical or chemical harm and from infection. Skin cells express the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor and sensor of environmental chemicals; at the same time, AHR ligands are abundant in skin from exogenous or endogenous sources. For example, solar radiation, in particular ultraviolet (UV) B, generates AHR ligands from tryptophan in the skin. Recent evidence has shown that AHR is involved in the (patho)physiology of skin including the regulation of skin pigmentation, photocarcinogenesis, and skin inflammation. We here provide a state-of-the-art summary of work which relates to the role of the AHR in (1) adaptive responses against environmental challenges such as UVB or topical chemicals and (2) intrinsic developmental roles for homeostasis of skin cells and (3) skin immunity. We also discuss the existing evidence that AHR antagonists or AHR ligands may be used for the prevention and/or treatment of skin disease.
除其他功能外，皮肤是抵御环境的屏障，为人体提供重要的保护，防止受到物理或化学伤害以及感染。皮肤细胞表达芳香烃受体 (AHR)，这是一种配体激活的转录因子，也是环境化学物质的感应器；与此同时，AHR 的配体在皮肤中外源或内源性都很丰富。例如，太阳辐射，特别是紫外线 (UV) B，会使皮肤中的色氨酸产生 AHR 配体。最近的证据表明，AHR 参与了皮肤的（病理）生理学，包括皮肤色素沉着、光致癌和皮肤炎症的调节。我们在此提供了一份关于 AHR 在（1）适应环境挑战（如 UVB 或局部化学物质）的反应，（2）皮肤细胞内稳态的内在发育作用，以及（3）皮肤免疫方面的最新研究进展的概述。我们还讨论了现有的证据，表明 AHR 拮抗剂或 AHR 配体可用于预防和/或治疗皮肤疾病。
