Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Cells. 2021 Nov 15;10(11):3176. doi: 10.3390/cells10113176.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is an important regulator of skin barrier function. It also controls immune-mediated skin responses. The AHR modulates various physiological functions by acting as a sensor that mediates environment-cell interactions, particularly during immune and inflammatory responses. Diverse experimental systems have been used to assess the AHR's role in skin inflammation, including in vitro assays of keratinocyte stimulation and murine models of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Similar approaches have addressed the role of AHR ligands, e.g., TCDD, FICZ, and microbiota-derived metabolites, in skin homeostasis and pathology. Tapinarof is a novel AHR-modulating agent that inhibits skin inflammation and enhances skin barrier function. The topical application of tapinarof is being evaluated in clinical trials to treat psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In the present review, we summarize the effects of natural and synthetic AHR ligands in keratinocytes and inflammatory cells, and their relevance in normal skin homeostasis and cutaneous inflammatory diseases.
芳烃受体 (AHR) 是皮肤屏障功能的重要调节剂。它还控制着免疫介导的皮肤反应。AHR 通过充当传感器来调节各种生理功能，介导环境-细胞相互作用，特别是在免疫和炎症反应中。已经使用了多种实验系统来评估 AHR 在皮肤炎症中的作用，包括角质形成细胞刺激的体外测定和银屑病和特应性皮炎的小鼠模型。类似的方法解决了 AHR 配体（例如 TCDD、FICZ 和微生物群衍生的代谢物）在皮肤稳态和病理学中的作用。Tapinarof 是一种新型的 AHR 调节药物，可抑制皮肤炎症并增强皮肤屏障功能。Tapinarof 的局部应用正在临床试验中评估用于治疗银屑病和特应性皮炎。在本综述中，我们总结了天然和合成 AHR 配体在角质形成细胞和炎症细胞中的作用，以及它们在正常皮肤稳态和皮肤炎症性疾病中的相关性。
