Fleischman Debra A, Leurgans Sue, Arfanakis Konstantinos, Arvanitakis Zoe, Barnes Lisa L, Boyle Patricia A, Han S Duke, Bennett David A
Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Armour Academic Center Offices, 600 S. Paulina Suite 1038, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA,
Brain Struct Funct. 2014 Nov;219(6):2029-49. doi: 10.1007/s00429-013-0622-7. Epub 2013 Aug 17.
A deeper understanding of brain macrostructure and its associations with cognition in persons who are considered cognitively healthy is critical to the early detection of persons at risk of developing dementia. Few studies have examined the associations of all three gray-matter macrostructural brain indices (volume, thickness, surface area) with age and cognition, in the same persons who are over the age of 65 and do not have cognitive impairment. We performed automated morphometric reconstruction of total gray matter, cortical gray matter, subcortical gray matter and 84 individual regions in 186 persons (60 % over the age of 80) without cognitive impairment. Morphometric measures were scaled and expressed as difference per decade of age and an adjusted score was created to identify those regions in which there was greater atrophy per decade of age compared to cortical or subcortical brain averages. The results showed that there is substantial total volume loss and cortical thinning in cognitively healthy older persons. Thinning was more widespread than volume loss, but volume loss, particularly in temporoparietal and hippocampal regions, was more strongly associated with cognition.
深入了解认知健康人群的脑宏观结构及其与认知的关联对于早期发现有患痴呆症风险的人群至关重要。很少有研究在65岁以上且无认知障碍的同一人群中，考察所有三种灰质脑宏观结构指标（体积、厚度、表面积）与年龄和认知的关联。我们对186名无认知障碍的人（60%年龄超过80岁）进行了全脑灰质、皮质灰质、皮质下灰质和84个个体区域的自动形态计量重建。形态计量测量值进行了缩放，并表示为每十年年龄的差异，还创建了一个调整分数以识别那些与皮质或皮质下脑平均水平相比每十年年龄萎缩更严重的区域。结果表明，认知健康的老年人存在大量的总体积减少和皮质变薄。变薄比体积减少更普遍，但体积减少，特别是在颞顶叶和海马区域，与认知的关联更强。
