Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Front Psychol. 2013 Aug 16;4:527. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00527. eCollection 2013.
We investigated the possibility that a range of social stimuli capture the attention of 6-month-old infants when in competition with other non-face objects. Infants viewed a series of six-item arrays in which one target item was a face, body part, or animal as their eye movements were recorded. Stimulus arrays were also processed for relative salience of each item in terms of color, luminance, and amount of contour. Targets were rarely the most visually salient items in the arrays, yet infants' first looks toward all three target types were above chance, and dwell times for targets exceeded other stimulus types. Girls looked longer at faces than did boys, but there were no sex differences for other stimuli. These results are interpreted in a context of learning to discriminate between different classes of animate stimuli, perhaps in line with affordances for social interaction, and origins of sex differences in social attention.
我们研究了一系列社会刺激物在与其他非面部物体竞争时是否能吸引 6 个月大婴儿的注意力。当婴儿的眼球运动被记录时，他们观看了一系列包含六个项目的数组，其中一个目标项目是面部、身体部位或动物。刺激数组还根据颜色、亮度和轮廓数量对每个项目的相对显著性进行了处理。在数组中，目标很少是最显眼的项目，但婴儿对所有三种目标类型的第一眼注视都超过了随机水平，目标的停留时间也超过了其他刺激类型。女孩注视面部的时间比男孩长，但对其他刺激没有性别差异。这些结果在学习区分不同类别的有生命刺激物的背景下进行了解释，这也许符合社会互动的功能，以及社会注意力性别差异的起源。
