Avian Viral Diseases Programme, Compton Laboratory, The Pirbright Institute Berkshire, UK.
Front Genet. 2013 Aug 14;4:153. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00153. eCollection 2013.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, abundant, non-coding RNAs that modulate gene expression by interfering with translation or stability of mRNA transcripts in a sequence-specific manner. A total of 734 precursor and 996 mature miRNAs have so far been identified in the chicken genome. A number of these miRNAs are expressed in a cell type-specific manner, and understanding their function requires detailed examination of their expression in different cell types. We carried out deep sequencing of small RNA populations isolated from stimulated or transformed avian haemopoietic cell lines to determine the changes in the expression profiles of these important regulatory molecules during these biological events. There were significant changes in the expression of a number of miRNAs, including miR-155, in chicken B cells stimulated with CD40 ligand. Similarly, avian leukosis virus (ALV)-transformed DT40 cells also showed changes in miRNA expression in relation to the naïve cells. Embryonic stem cell line BP25 demonstrated a distinct cluster of upregulated miRNAs, many of which were shown previously to be involved in embryonic stem cell development. Finally, chicken macrophage cell line HD11 showed changes in miRNA profiles, some of which are thought to be related to the transformation by v-myc transduced by the virus. This work represents the first publication of a catalog of microRNA expression in a range of important avian cells and provides insights into the potential roles of miRNAs in the hematopoietic lineages of cells in a model non-mammalian species.
微小 RNA（miRNA）是小的、丰富的、非编码 RNA，通过以序列特异性的方式干扰 mRNA 转录本的翻译或稳定性来调节基因表达。迄今为止，在鸡基因组中已经鉴定出了 734 个前体和 996 个成熟的 miRNA。其中许多 miRNA 以细胞类型特异性的方式表达，并且理解它们的功能需要详细检查它们在不同细胞类型中的表达。我们对来自刺激或转化的禽类造血细胞系中分离的小 RNA 群体进行了深度测序，以确定这些重要调节分子在这些生物学事件中表达谱的变化。在鸡 B 细胞受到 CD40 配体刺激时，许多 miRNA 的表达发生了显著变化，包括 miR-155。同样，禽白血病病毒（ALV）转化的 DT40 细胞的 miRNA 表达也发生了变化，与原始细胞相比。胚胎干细胞系 BP25 表现出一组上调的 miRNA 的明显簇，其中许多先前被认为与胚胎干细胞发育有关。最后，鸡巨噬细胞系 HD11 的 miRNA 谱发生了变化，其中一些被认为与病毒转导的 v-myc 转化有关。这项工作代表了在一系列重要禽类细胞中 miRNA 表达的第一个目录的首次发表，为 miRNA 在非哺乳动物模型细胞的造血谱系中的潜在作用提供了见解。
