Latosinska Agnieszka, Frantzi Maria, Vlahou Antonia, Mischak Harald
Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Biotechnology Division, Athens, Greece; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Proteomics Clin Appl. 2013 Dec;7(11-12):779-93. doi: 10.1002/prca.201300038.
A major requirement in the application of proteins as clinical biomarkers is that they provide a highly sensitive and specific result in disease assessment. Since single biomarkers are generally of limited accuracy, a group or panel of well characterized biomarkers appears appropriate, providing a more robust and sensitive mass-spectrometry-based analytical platform. Capillary electrophoresis coupled to MS has been successfully used in biomarker discovery and application, as it enables the selective detection of peptides and small proteins, combining the high separation capacity of CE with the advanced sensitivity of MS. CE-MS allows the characterization of highly complex samples (such as urine, plasma and other biofluids) in a consistent and reproducible way. It has a range of applications, many focusing especially in studies on urinary peptide biomarkers in kidney and cardiovascular diseases. Another major field of interest has been malignancy of the genitourinary system. In the first part of this review we cover technical aspects and performance characteristics of CE-MS, with special focus on the requirements for biomarker discovery and clinical application. In the second part, we review the potential and development of CE-MS in the management of genitourinary cancers, especially bladder cancer (BCa). CE-MS has been employed in several studies aimed at discovering biomarkers for BCa that may be useful in diagnosis, monitoring for recurrence, and prediction of the risk for the muscle-invasive stage. In the last part of the review we discuss current challenges and provide an outlook for ongoing and possible future developments.
将蛋白质用作临床生物标志物的一个主要要求是，它们在疾病评估中能提供高度灵敏且特异的结果。由于单一生物标志物的准确性通常有限，一组经过充分表征的生物标志物似乎更为合适，这能提供一个更强大且灵敏的基于质谱的分析平台。毛细管电泳与质谱联用已成功用于生物标志物的发现和应用，因为它能够选择性地检测肽和小蛋白质，将毛细管电泳的高分离能力与质谱的高灵敏度相结合。毛细管电泳 - 质谱联用能够以一致且可重复的方式对高度复杂的样品（如尿液、血浆和其他生物流体）进行表征。它有一系列应用，许多应用尤其集中在肾脏和心血管疾病的尿肽生物标志物研究上。另一个主要关注领域是泌尿生殖系统的恶性肿瘤。在本综述的第一部分，我们涵盖了毛细管电泳 - 质谱联用的技术方面和性能特征，特别关注生物标志物发现和临床应用的要求。在第二部分，我们综述了毛细管电泳 - 质谱联用在泌尿生殖系统癌症管理中的潜力和发展，尤其是膀胱癌（BCa）。毛细管电泳 - 质谱联用已用于多项旨在发现膀胱癌生物标志物的研究，这些生物标志物可能有助于诊断、监测复发以及预测肌肉浸润期的风险。在综述的最后一部分，我们讨论当前面临的挑战，并对正在进行的以及未来可能的发展前景进行展望。
