Latham Kenzie, Clarke Philippa J
Res Aging. 2013 Jul;35(4):481-502. doi: 10.1177/0164027512454887.
Prior research has documented a link between perceived neighborhood safety and functional limitations including incident mobility limitation, yet no research has explored the association between perceived neighborhood safety and recovery from functional limitations. This study investigates whether perceived neighborhood safety independently predicts recovery. Using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (1996-2008), discrete-time event history models with multiple competing events were estimated using multinomial logistic regression. Robust standard errors were used to adjust for clustering. In the unadjusted model, the odds ratio for recovery from mobility limitations was 1.22 (CI: 1.17, 1.27) for respondents reporting greater neighborhood safety, while, in the fully adjusted model, the odds ratio was 1.11 (CI: 1.05, 1.17). Even after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and numerous health risk factors, perceived neighborhood safety was a robust predictor of mobility limitation recovery. This research provides further evidence that environmental factors shape functional health outcomes including recovery.
先前的研究已经记录了邻里安全感与功能受限之间的联系，包括发生行动不便的情况，但尚无研究探讨邻里安全感与功能受限恢复之间的关联。本研究调查了邻里安全感是否能独立预测恢复情况。利用健康与退休研究（HRS）（1996 - 2008年）的纵向数据，采用多项逻辑回归估计了具有多个竞争事件的离散时间事件史模型。使用稳健标准误来调整聚类情况。在未调整的模型中，报告邻里安全感较高的受访者从行动不便中恢复的优势比为1.22（置信区间：1.17，1.27），而在完全调整的模型中，优势比为1.11（置信区间：1.05，1.17）。即使在控制了社会人口特征和众多健康风险因素之后，邻里安全感仍是行动不便恢复的有力预测指标。这项研究进一步证明，环境因素会影响包括恢复在内的功能健康结果。
