Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2013 Jul;16(7):882-5.
OBJECTIVE(S): The ongoing increasing antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest challenges faced by global public health. The perennial need for new antimicrobials against a background of increasing antibiotic resistance in pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms obliges the scientific community to constantly develop new drugs and antimicrobial agents. Lichens are known prolific sources of natural antimicrobial drugs and biologically active natural products. This study was aimed to explore in vitro antimicrobial activity of lichen Parmotrema sp.
The methanol and aqueous extracts of lichen Parmotrema sp. was extracted using Soxhlet extractor. Antibiotic assessment of methanol and aqueous extracts was done against eight bacterial (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Enterococci faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae,) clinical pathogens and five plant pathogenic fungal strains (Aspergillus terreus strain JAS1, Scedosporium sp. JAS1, Ganoderma sp. JAS4, Candida tropicalis and Fusarium sp.) by Kirby-Bauer method.
The methanol lichen Parmotrema sp. extract inhibited all the test organisms. The highest antibacterial activity was found against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The weakest activity was manifested in Salmonella sp. and Scedosporium sp. JAS1. Strong antifungal effect was found against Ganoderma sp. JAS4 and Fusarium sp. The aqueous lichen Parmotrema sp. extract revealed neither antibacterial nor antifungal activity.
The present study shows that tested lichen Parmotrema sp. extracts demonstrated a strong antimicrobial effect. That suggests the active components from methanol extracts of the investigated lichen Parmotrema sp. can be used as natural antimicrobial agent against pathogens.
抗生素耐药性的不断增加是全球公共卫生面临的最大挑战之一。在致病微生物和机会性微生物的抗生素耐药性不断增加的背景下，人们对新型抗菌药物的需求是持久的，这迫使科学界不断开发新的药物和抗菌剂。地衣是天然抗菌药物和具有生物活性的天然产物的丰富来源。本研究旨在探索地衣 Parmotrema sp. 的体外抗菌活性。
使用索氏提取器从地衣 Parmotrema sp. 中提取甲醇和水提取物。采用 Kirby-Bauer 法对甲醇和水提取物进行了八种细菌（大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、奇异变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、粪肠球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌）临床病原体和五种植物病原真菌（土曲霉 JAS1 株、鞘孢菌 JAS1 株、灵芝 JAS4 株、热带假丝酵母和镰刀菌）的抗生素评估。
甲醇地衣 Parmotrema sp. 提取物抑制了所有测试的生物。对铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性最高。对沙门氏菌和鞘孢菌 JAS1 的活性最弱。对灵芝 JAS4 和镰刀菌的抗真菌作用最强。水地衣 Parmotrema sp. 提取物既没有抗菌活性也没有抗真菌活性。
本研究表明，所测试的地衣 Parmotrema sp. 提取物表现出很强的抗菌作用。这表明从所研究的地衣 Parmotrema sp. 的甲醇提取物中提取的活性成分可以用作抗病原体的天然抗菌剂。
