中国农村地区室内作物秸秆燃烧排放的 PM、OC、EC 和 PAHs 的现场测量。
Field measurement on the emissions of PM, OC, EC and PAHs from indoor crop straw burning in rural China.
机构信息
Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
出版信息
Environ Pollut. 2014 Jan;184:18-24. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.036. Epub 2013 Sep 6.
Abstract
Field measurements were conducted to measure emission factors of particulate matter (EFPM), organic carbon (EFOC), elemental carbon (EFEC), 28 parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (EF28pPAHs), and 4 oxygenated PAHs (EF4oPAHs) for four types of crop straws burned in two stoves with similar structure but different ages. The average EFPM, EFOC, EFEC, EF28pPAHs, and EF4oPAHs were 9.1 ± 5.7 (1.8-22 as range), 2.6 ± 2.9 (0.30-12), 1.1 ± 1.2 (0.086-5.5), 0.26 ± 0.19 (0.076-0.96), 0.011 ± 0.14 (1.3 × 10(-4) - 0.063) g/kg, respectively. Much high EF28pPAHs was observed in field compared with the laboratory derived EFs and significant difference in EF28pPAHs was identified among different crop residues, indicating considerable underestimation when laboratory derived EFs were used in the inventory. The field measured EFPM, EFOC, and EFEC were significantly affected by stove age and the EFs of carbonaceous particles for the 15-year old stove were approximately 2.5 times of those for the 1-year old stove.
摘要
进行了现场测量，以测量四种作物秸秆在两种结构相似但年龄不同的炉灶中燃烧时的颗粒物排放因子（EFPM）、有机碳（EFOC）、元素碳（EFEC）、28 种母体多环芳烃（EF28pPAHs）和 4 种含氧多环芳烃（EF4oPAHs）。平均 EFPM、EFOC、EFEC、EF28pPAHs 和 EF4oPAHs 分别为 9.1±5.7（1.8-22 为范围）、2.6±2.9（0.30-12）、1.1±1.2（0.086-5.5）、0.26±0.19（0.076-0.96）、0.011±0.14（1.3×10（-4）-0.063）g/kg。与实验室推导的 EFs 相比，现场测量的 EF28pPAHs 高得多，并且不同作物残余物之间的 EF28pPAHs 存在显著差异，这表明在清单中使用实验室推导的 EFs 时存在相当大的低估。现场测量的 EFPM、EFOC 和 EFEC 受到炉灶年龄的显著影响，15 年炉灶的碳质颗粒 EFs 约为 1 年炉灶的 2.5 倍。
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