Jonas J B, Zäch F M, Naumann G O
Augenklinik, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1990;228(4):321-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00920055.
Optic nerve damage is associated with impairment of psychophysical functions. We measured dark adaptation in 21 eyes of 14 normal subjects, 35 eyes of 19 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, and 7 eyes of 4 patients with nonglaucomatous descending optic nerve atrophy. In the normal subjects light thresholds and time of the shoulder in the dark adaptation curve increased significantly with age. In eyes with glaucomatous or nonglaucomatous optic nerve damage light sensitivity was lower than in normal eyes of age-matched control groups. Rod light sensitivity was significantly (P less than 0.05) correlated with neuroretinal rim loss, parapapillary chorioretinal atrophy, and relative afferent pupillary defects. We conclude that velocity and degree of dark adaptation decrease with increasing age. Patients with glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous optic nerve atrophy show decreased light sensitivity especially in the rod part of dark adaptation worsening with advancing optic nerve damage.
视神经损伤与心理物理功能受损有关。我们测量了14名正常受试者的21只眼睛、19名原发性开角型青光眼患者的35只眼睛以及4名非青光眼性下行性视神经萎缩患者的7只眼睛的暗适应情况。在正常受试者中，暗适应曲线中的光阈值和肩部时间随年龄显著增加。在患有青光眼或非青光眼性视神经损伤的眼睛中，光敏感度低于年龄匹配对照组的正常眼睛。视杆细胞光敏感度与神经视网膜边缘缺损、视乳头旁脉络膜视网膜萎缩及相对传入性瞳孔缺陷显著相关（P<0.05）。我们得出结论，暗适应的速度和程度随年龄增长而降低。患有青光眼和非青光眼性视神经萎缩的患者光敏感度降低，尤其是在暗适应的视杆细胞部分，随着视神经损伤的进展而恶化。
