Hayreh S S, Jonas J B, Zimmerman M B
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1998 Nov;39(12):2296-303.
To evaluate in rhesus monkeys parapapillary chorioretinal atrophy in chronic high-pressure glaucoma and the effects of age, atherosclerosis, and chronic arterial hypertension in a prospective, planned study.
Seventy-six eyes from 38 monkeys were studied. First, experimental atherosclerosis and chronic arterial hypertension were produced in 24 animals. Then experimental high-pressure glaucoma was produced by laser photocoagulation of the anterior chamber angle in 38 eyes from the 38 animals. Intraocular pressure measurements and fundus photography were serially performed. The photographs were morphometrically analyzed.
In the glaucomatous eyes, area and frequency of beta zone of parapapillary atrophy were significantly (P < 0.0001) larger at the end of the study than at baseline. Area of beta zone was significantly (P < 0.0001) and negatively correlated with neuroretinal rim area. In an intraindividual intereye comparison, beta zone was significantly (P < 0.0001) larger in the glaucomatous than in the contralateral nonglaucomatous eyes. Increase of beta zone and loss of neuroretinal rim were independent of presence and size of beta zone at start of the study. Beta zone was significantly (P = 0.036) greater in older than in younger monkeys; however, atherosclerosis-arterial hypertension had no significant influence on frequency and size of beta zone. Area and frequency of alpha zone showed no significant change between baseline values and those at the end of study.
In experimental chronic high-pressure glaucoma in monkeys, beta zone of parapapillary atrophy was positively correlated with glaucomatous optic nerve damage. This confirms previous biomorphometric and histomorphometric studies on patients with glaucoma. In chronic experimental high-pressure glaucoma, neuroretinal rim loss and an increase of beta zone may be independent of preexisting parapapillary atrophy. Increase of beta zone may be independent of concomitant atherosclerosis-arterial hypertension.
在一项前瞻性、有计划的研究中，评估恒河猴慢性高压性青光眼中视乳头旁脉络膜视网膜萎缩情况以及年龄、动脉粥样硬化和慢性动脉高血压的影响。
对38只猴子的76只眼睛进行研究。首先，在24只动物中诱发实验性动脉粥样硬化和慢性动脉高血压。然后，对这38只动物的38只眼睛进行前房角激光光凝以诱发实验性高压性青光眼。连续测量眼压并进行眼底照相。对照片进行形态计量分析。
在青光眼眼中，研究结束时视乳头旁萎缩β区的面积和频率比基线时显著增大（P<0.0001）。β区面积与神经视网膜边缘面积显著负相关（P<0.0001）。在个体内两眼比较中，青光眼眼的β区比健侧非青光眼眼显著增大（P<0.0001）。β区的增大和神经视网膜边缘的丢失与研究开始时β区的存在和大小无关。老年猴子的β区显著大于幼年猴子（P=0.036）；然而，动脉粥样硬化-动脉高血压对β区的频率和大小没有显著影响。α区的面积和频率在基线值与研究结束时的值之间没有显著变化。
在猴子实验性慢性高压性青光眼中，视乳头旁萎缩β区与青光眼性视神经损伤呈正相关。这证实了先前对青光眼患者进行的生物形态计量和组织形态计量研究。在慢性实验性高压性青光眼中，神经视网膜边缘的丢失和β区的增大可能与先前存在的视乳头旁萎缩无关。β区的增大可能与伴发的动脉粥样硬化-动脉高血压无关。
