Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Biologia , Lavras, MG , Brasil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2011 Apr;42(2):761-73. doi: 10.1590/S1517-838220110002000044. Epub 2011 Jun 1.
In spite of the taxonomy of the Aspergillus species of the Nigri Section being regarded as troublesome, a number of methods have been proposed to aid in the classification of this Section. This work aimed to distinguish Aspergillus species of the Nigri Section from foods, grains and caves on the basis in Polyphasic Taxonomy by utilizing morphologic and physiologic characters, and sequencing of ß-tubulin and calmodulin genes. The morphologic identification proved useful for some species, such as A. carbonarius and Aspergillus sp UFLA DCA 01, despite not having been totally effective in elucidating species related to A. niger. The isolation of the species of the Nigri Section on Creatine Sucrose Agar (CREA) enabled to distinguish the Aspergillus sp species, which was characterized by the lack of sporulation and by the production of sclerotia. Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) allowed distinguishing the species into two distinct groups. The production of Ochratoxin A (OTA) was only found in the A. carbonarius and A. niger species. The sequencing of β-tubulin gene was efficient in differing most of the Aspergillus species from the Nigri Section with the exception of Aspergillus UFLA DCA 01, which could not be distinguished from A. costaricaensis. This species is morphologically similar to A. costaricaencis for its low sporulation capacity and high sclerotia production, but it differs morphologically from A. costaricaensis for its conidial ornamentation and size of vesicles. Equally, based on partial calmodulin gene sequence data Aspergillus UFLA DCA 01 differs from A. costaricaensis.
尽管黑曲霉属 Nigri 组的分类学被认为很麻烦，但已经提出了许多方法来帮助该组的分类。本工作旨在通过利用形态学和生理学特征以及β-微管蛋白和钙调蛋白基因的测序，从食品、谷物和洞穴中区分 Nigri 组的曲霉属物种。形态学鉴定对一些物种（如 A. carbonarius 和 Aspergillus sp UFLA DCA 01）有用，尽管在阐明与 A. niger 相关的物种方面并不完全有效。在 Creatine Sucrose Agar (CREA) 上分离 Nigri 组的物种，能够区分出缺乏产孢和产生菌核的 Aspergillus sp 物种。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）允许将物种分为两个不同的组。只有 A. carbonarius 和 A. niger 物种才会产生赭曲霉毒素 A (OTA)。β-微管蛋白基因的测序在区分 Nigri 组的大多数曲霉属物种方面非常有效，除了 Aspergillus UFLA DCA 01 之外，它与 A. costaricaensis 无法区分。该物种的形态学与 A. costaricaencis 相似，因为其产孢能力低，菌核产量高，但与 A. costaricaensis 不同的是其分生孢子的装饰和囊泡的大小。同样，基于部分钙调蛋白基因序列数据，Aspergillus UFLA DCA 01 与 A. costaricaensis 不同。
