Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo 2Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
JAMA Psychiatry. 2013 Nov;70(11):1206-14. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.1944.
Previous studies have indicated that the psychopathological dimensions of borderline personality disorder (BPD) are influenced by a unitary liability factor. However, to our knowledge, the underlying etiological nature of the individual criteria for BPD as defined by the DSM-IV has not been explored.
To determine the structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for the symptoms of BPD.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multivariate twin study with BPD criteria assessed by personal interview within a general community setting. Participants included 2794 young adults from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel.
The 9 criteria for BPD assessed by the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality.
A common pathway model dominated by 1 highly heritable (55%) general BPD factor that strongly influenced all 9 BPD criteria (standardized path coefficients, 0.53-0.79) fit the data best. The model also included 2 additional common liability factors, mainly influencing criteria reflecting the affective and interpersonal dimensions. Both of these were mostly influenced by environmental liability factors (heritability, 29.3% and 2.2%). With 1 exception (criterion 2, unstable and intense relationships), the specific criteria were strongly influenced by environmental factors. Five of the 9 criterion-specific genetic effects were either 0 or negligible.
These results indicate that most of the genetic effects on the individual BPD criteria derive from 1 highly heritable general BPD factor, whereas the environmental influences were mostly criterion specific.
先前的研究表明，边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的精神病理学维度受单一易患因素的影响。然而，据我们所知，DSM-IV 定义的 BPD 个体标准的潜在病因性质尚未得到探索。
确定 BPD 症状的遗传和环境风险因素的结构。
设计、环境和参与者：在一般社区环境中通过个人访谈评估 BPD 标准的多变量双胞胎研究。参与者包括来自挪威公共卫生双胞胎小组的 2794 名年轻人。
DSM-IV 人格障碍结构化访谈评估的 BPD 标准的 9 项。
一个由高度遗传（55%）的一般 BPD 因素主导的共同途径模型最适合数据，该因素强烈影响所有 9 项 BPD 标准（标准化路径系数，0.53-0.79）。该模型还包括另外两个共同的易患因素，主要影响反映情感和人际关系维度的标准。这两个因素主要受环境易患因素的影响（遗传率分别为 29.3%和 2.2%）。除了一个例外（标准 2，不稳定和强烈的关系），特定标准受到环境因素的强烈影响。9 项标准特异性遗传效应中有 5 项要么为 0 要么可忽略不计。
这些结果表明，BPD 个体标准的大多数遗传效应来自于一个高度遗传的一般 BPD 因素，而环境影响则主要是标准特异性的。
