Talaska Cara A, Fiske Susan T, Chaiken Shelly
Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Soc Justice Res. 2008 Sep;21(3):263-396. doi: 10.1007/s11211-008-0071-2.
Investigations of racial bias have emphasized stereotypes and other beliefs as central explanatory mechanisms and as legitimating discrimination. In recent theory and research, emotional prejudices have emerged as another, more direct predictor of discrimination. A new comprehensive meta-analysis of 57 racial attitude-discrimination studies finds a moderate relationship between overall attitudes and discrimination. Emotional prejudices are twices as closely related to racial discrimination as stereotypes and beliefs are. Moreover, emotional prejudices are closely related to both observed and self-reported discrimination, whereas stereotypes and beliefs are related only to self-reported discrimination. Implications for justifying discrimination are discussed.
对种族偏见的调查强调刻板印象和其他信念是主要的解释机制,也是歧视的正当理由。在最近的理论和研究中,情感偏见已成为另一种更直接的歧视预测因素。一项对57项种族态度与歧视研究的新的综合荟萃分析发现,总体态度与歧视之间存在适度的关系。情感偏见与种族歧视的关联程度是刻板印象和信念的两倍。此外,情感偏见与观察到的歧视和自我报告的歧视都密切相关,而刻板印象和信念仅与自我报告的歧视有关。文中还讨论了这些发现对歧视正当化的影响。