Klonis Suzanne C, Plant E Ashby, Devine Patricia G
Psychology Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2005 Sep;31(9):1237-49. doi: 10.1177/0146167205275304.
Based on Plant and Devine's (1998) measures of Internal and External Motivation to Respond Without Prejudice toward Blacks, new scales were developed to assess Internal and External Motivation to Respond Without Sexism (IMS-S and EMS-S, respectively). The scales possess good psychometric properties. Providing evidence of convergent and discriminant validity, the IMS-S was strongly related to measures of sexism yet unrelated to measures of social evaluation. The EMS-S was modestly related to both sexism and social evaluative concerns. Providing evidence of predictive validity, participants who were either internally or externally motivated to respond without sexism rated sexist jokes more negatively in a situation discouraging sexism compared to participants low in both sources of motivation. However, only high IMS-S participants rated the jokes negatively whether the situation encouraged or discouraged sexism and whether their response was public or private. Implications for understanding the similarities and differences between sexism and racism are discussed.
基于普兰特和迪瓦恩（1998年）对无偏见对待黑人的内在和外在动机的测量，开发了新的量表来评估无性别歧视回应的内在和外在动机（分别为IMS-S和EMS-S）。这些量表具有良好的心理测量特性。IMS-S与性别歧视测量指标密切相关，但与社会评价测量指标无关，这为聚合效度和区分效度提供了证据。EMS-S与性别歧视和社会评价关注都有适度关联。在一个不利于性别歧视的情境中，那些有内在或外在动机做出无性别歧视回应的参与者，与动机水平较低的参与者相比，对性别歧视笑话的评价更为负面，这为预测效度提供了证据。然而，只有高IMS-S的参与者，无论情境是鼓励还是不鼓励性别歧视，也无论他们的回应是公开还是私下的，都会对这些笑话给出负面评价。文中还讨论了对于理解性别歧视和种族歧视之间异同的启示。
