Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Infections and Molecular Diagnosis, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221 005, India.
Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:308515. doi: 10.1155/2013/308515. Epub 2013 Aug 25.
Surgery is still the main treatment in hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus, which is a global health problem in human and animals. So, there is need for some natural protoscolicidal agents for instillation to prevent their reoccurrence at therapeutic doses. In this present investigation, anticestodal activity of one of the endophytic fungi Pestalotiopsis sp. from Neem plant was observed on protoscoleces of hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus. Viability of protoscoleces was confirmed by 0.1% aqueous eosin red stain method, where mortality was observed at different concentrations with respect to time. An average anticestodal activity was observed with different endophytic fungal strains, that is, Nigrospora (479 ± 2.9), Colletotrichum (469 ± 25.8), Fusarium (355 ± 14.5), and Chaetomium (332 ± 28.3) showing 64 to 70% protoscolicidal activity, except Pestalotiopsis sp. (581 ± 15.0), which showed promising scolicidal activity up to 97% mortality just within 30 min of incubation. These species showed significant reduction in viability of protoscoleces. This is the first report on the scolicidal activity of endophytic Pestalotiopsis sp. We conclude that ultrastructural changes in protoscoleces were due to endophytic extract suggesting that there may be some bioactive compounds that have selective action on the tegument layer of protoscoleces. As compared with that of standard drug used, endophytic species of Neem plant shows significant anticestodal activity.
手术仍然是包虫病（由细粒棘球绦虫引起）的主要治疗方法，这是人类和动物的全球性健康问题。因此，需要一些天然的原头蚴杀生物剂进行灌注，以防止在治疗剂量下再次发生。在本研究中，观察了从印楝植物内生真菌 Pestalotiopsis sp. 对细粒棘球蚴包虫原头节的抗囊虫活性。原头节活力通过 0.1%的水合曙红染色法确认，死亡率在不同浓度下随时间观察。不同内生真菌菌株表现出不同的平均抗囊虫活性，即黑曲霉（479±2.9）、炭疽菌（469±25.8）、镰刀菌（355±14.5）和毛壳菌（332±28.3），显示 64%至 70%的原头节杀生物活性，除 Pestalotiopsis sp.（581±15.0）外，其在 30 分钟的孵育时间内表现出有希望的杀囊活性，死亡率高达 97%。这些物种显著降低了原头节的活力。这是内生 Pestalotiopsis sp. 杀囊活性的首次报道。我们得出结论，原头节的超微结构变化是由于内生提取物引起的，这表明可能存在一些对原头节皮层具有选择性作用的生物活性化合物。与使用的标准药物相比，印楝植物的内生种具有显著的抗囊虫活性。
