Moore Sarah A
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Top Companion Anim Med. 2013 May;28(2):46-50. doi: 10.1053/j.tcam.2013.07.002.
Seizures are one of the most common neurologic problems encountered by the small animal practitioner. Successful management of the patient with seizure is facilitated by an appropriate diagnostic workup to identify underlying causes when they exist. Veterinary patients with seizures can be divided in to 3 main categories based on underlying cause: those with primary epilepsy, those with structural epilepsy, and those with reactive seizures. Additionally, some patients may be given a label of unknown epilepsy when they do not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of primary epilepsy, but no structural or reactive cause of seizures can be identified. This article reviews the key clinical findings associated with each of the 3 main categories of seizures and suggests a standardized approach to the diagnostic workup for patients with seizure based on their signalment and neurologic examination findings.
癫痫发作是小动物从业者遇到的最常见的神经问题之一。当存在潜在病因时，通过适当的诊断检查来识别这些病因，有助于成功治疗癫痫患者。患有癫痫的兽医患者可根据潜在病因分为三大类：原发性癫痫患者、结构性癫痫患者和反应性癫痫发作患者。此外，一些患者在不符合原发性癫痫诊断标准，但又无法确定癫痫发作的结构性或反应性病因时，可能会被贴上不明原因癫痫的标签。本文回顾了与三大类癫痫发作相关的关键临床发现，并根据患者的特征和神经学检查结果，提出了一种标准化的癫痫患者诊断检查方法。
