Kamal Mohammad A, Priyamvada Shubha, Anbazhagan Arivarasu N, Jabir Nasimudeen R, Tabrez Shams, Greig Nigel H
Metabolomics & Enzymology Unit, Fundamental and Applied Biology Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2014 Mar;13(2):338-46. doi: 10.2174/18715273113126660137.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two progressive and devastating health disorders afflicting millions of people worldwide. The probability and incidence of both have increased considerably in recent years consequent to increased longevity and population growth. Progressively more links are being continuously found between inflammation and central nervous system disorders like AD, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, traumatic brain injury and even cancers of the nervous tissue. The depth of the relationship depends on the timing and extent of anti- or pro-inflammatory gene expression. Inflammation has also been implicated in T2DM. Misfolding and fibrillization (of tissue specific and/or non-specific proteins) are features common to both AD and T2DM and are induced by as well as contribute to inflammation and stress (oxidative/ glycation). This review appraises the roles of inflammation and abnormalities in the insulin signaling system as important shared features of T2DM and AD. The capacity of anti-cholinesterases in reducing the level of certain common inflammatory markers in particular if they may provide therapeutic potential to mitigate awry mechanisms leading to AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）和2型糖尿病（T2DM）是两种渐进性且具有破坏性的健康疾病，困扰着全球数百万人。由于寿命延长和人口增长，近年来这两种疾病的患病率和发病率都大幅上升。越来越多的研究不断发现炎症与中枢神经系统疾病之间的联系，如AD、帕金森病、亨廷顿舞蹈病、运动神经元病、多发性硬化症、中风、创伤性脑损伤，甚至神经组织癌症。这种关系的深度取决于抗炎或促炎基因表达的时间和程度。炎症也与T2DM有关。（组织特异性和/或非特异性蛋白质的）错误折叠和纤维化是AD和T2DM共有的特征，由炎症和应激（氧化/糖基化）诱导并导致炎症和应激。本综述评估了炎症和胰岛素信号系统异常作为T2DM和AD重要共同特征的作用。抗胆碱酯酶降低某些常见炎症标志物水平的能力，特别是它们是否可能提供治疗潜力以减轻导致AD的异常机制。
