Hernandez Pablo Mejia, Salem Abdelfattah Z M, Elghandour Mona M M Y, Cipriano-Salazar Moisés, Cruz-Lagunas Blas, Camacho Luis Miguel
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2014 Jan;46(1):173-8. doi: 10.1007/s11250-013-0471-7.
Twenty Katahdin × Pelibuey crossbreed male lambs, 3 to 4 months of age and 24 ± 0.3 kg of body weight, were used to study the anthelmintic effects of administering extracts of Salix babylonica L. (SB) and Leucaena leucocephala Lam. (LL). Lambs had not been treated with anthelmintics previously and were randomly allocated into four groups of five lambs each in a completely randomized design. Treatments were as follows: control (lambs fed on total mixed ration without extracts), SB (as control plus S. babylonica L. extract at 30 ml/day), LL (as control plus L. leucocephala Lam. extract at 30 ml/day), and SBLL (as control plus 30 ml/day of S. babylonica L. and L. leucocephala Lam. extracts in a 1:1 (v/v) mixture) for 63 days. Extracts were orally administered before the 8:00 a.m. feeding to each lamb. Rectal fecal samples were collected from each lamb at day 22 (P1), day 43 (P2), and day 63 (P3) of the experiment. Adult worm and egg counts were determined in each fecal sample immediately after collection. Plant secondary metabolites of total phenolics, saponins, and the aqueous fraction were 50 % lower in the SB versus LL extracts. Overall, the oral administration of extracts has improved the egg and worm count reductions in lamb feces by 54, 47, and 40 % for LL, SB, and SBLL, respectively, versus the control lambs. Reductions of worm egg counts in lamb feces were higher (P < 0.05) in P2 and P3 versus P1. Extracts of SB and LL or possibly isolated bioactive compounds could be a promising alternative to conventional anthelmintics to treat gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants. Such treatments could be used in control strategies against gastrointestinal nematodes in organic and conventional production systems.
选用20只3至4月龄、体重24±0.3千克的卡他丁×佩利布埃杂交雄性羔羊，用于研究投喂垂柳（SB）和银合欢（LL）提取物的驱虫效果。这些羔羊此前未接受过驱虫药治疗，采用完全随机设计将其随机分为四组，每组五只羔羊。处理方式如下：对照组（羔羊饲喂不含提取物的全混合日粮）、SB组（在对照组基础上，每天添加30毫升垂柳提取物）、LL组（在对照组基础上，每天添加30毫升银合欢提取物）、SBLL组（在对照组基础上，每天添加30毫升垂柳和银合欢提取物按1:1（体积/体积）混合的混合物），持续63天。每天上午8点前给每只羔羊口服提取物。在实验的第22天（P1）、第43天（P2）和第63天（P3）从每只羔羊采集直肠粪便样本。采集后立即测定每个粪便样本中的成虫和虫卵数量。SB提取物中总酚、皂苷和水相部分的植物次生代谢物比LL提取物低50%。总体而言，与对照羔羊相比，口服提取物使羔羊粪便中的虫卵和虫体数量减少，LL组、SB组和SBLL组分别减少了54%、47%和40%。与P1相比，P2和P3时羔羊粪便中虫卵数量的减少幅度更高（P<0.05）。SB和LL提取物或可能分离出的生物活性化合物有望成为治疗小型反刍动物胃肠道寄生虫的传统驱虫药的替代品。此类处理方法可用于有机和传统生产系统中对抗胃肠道线虫的控制策略。
