Weyandt Lisa L, Marraccini Marisa E, Gudmundsdottir Bergljot Gyda, Zavras Brynheld Martinez, Turcotte Kyle D, Munro Bailey A, Amoroso Alex J
Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2013 Oct;21(5):385-407. doi: 10.1037/a0034013.
Prescription stimulant medication, the most frequently recommended treatment for college students with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), has become increasingly available on college campuses. Research investigating prescription stimulant misuse among college students indicates that significant numbers of students without ADHD are taking prescription stimulants to enhance their cognitive performance. This article systematically reviews studies concerning misuse of prescription stimulants among college students with and without ADHD as well as the cognitive and morphological brain changes associated with prescription stimulants in humans and other animals. Whether these morphological changes are accompanied by improved cognitive performance remains equivocal. Implications of this body of literature are discussed and suggestions for future research are advanced.
处方兴奋剂药物是针对患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的大学生最常推荐的治疗方法，在大学校园中越来越容易获得。调查大学生滥用处方兴奋剂的研究表明，大量没有ADHD的学生正在服用处方兴奋剂以提高他们的认知表现。本文系统地综述了有关患有和未患有ADHD的大学生滥用处方兴奋剂的研究，以及人类和其他动物中与处方兴奋剂相关的认知和形态学大脑变化。这些形态学变化是否伴随着认知表现的改善仍不明确。讨论了这一系列文献的意义，并提出了未来研究的建议。
