Alders Robyn, Awuni Joseph Adongo, Bagnol Brigitte, Farrell Penny, de Haan Nicolene
Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia,
Ecohealth. 2014;11(1):63-72. doi: 10.1007/s10393-013-0867-x. Epub 2013 Oct 18.
Village poultry and their owners were frequently implicated in disease transmission in the early days of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 pandemic. With improved understanding of the epidemiology of the disease, it was recognized that village poultry raised under extensive conditions pose less of a threat than intensively raised poultry of homogeneous genetic stock with poor biosecurity. This paper provides an overview of village poultry production and the multiple ways that the HPAI H5N1 pandemic has impacted on village poultry, their owners, and the traders whose livelihoods are intimately linked to these birds. It reviews impact in terms of gender and cultural issues; food security; village poultry value chains; approaches to biosecurity; marketing; poultry disease prevention and control; compensation; genetic diversity; poultry as part of livelihood strategies; and effective communication. It concludes on a positive note that there is growing awareness amongst animal health providers of the importance of facilitating culturally sensitive dialogue to develop HPAI prevention and control options.
在高致病性禽流感（HPAI）H5N1大流行初期，乡村家禽及其养殖户常常被认为是疾病传播的源头。随着对该疾病流行病学认识的加深，人们认识到，在粗放条件下饲养的乡村家禽所构成的威胁小于那些遗传品种单一、生物安全措施薄弱的集约化饲养家禽。本文概述了乡村家禽养殖情况，以及HPAI H5N1大流行对乡村家禽、其养殖户以及与这些家禽生计密切相关的贸易商产生影响的多种方式。文章从性别与文化问题、粮食安全、乡村家禽价值链、生物安全措施、市场营销、家禽疾病预防与控制、补偿、遗传多样性、家禽作为生计策略的一部分以及有效沟通等方面回顾了相关影响。文章以积极的态度得出结论，动物卫生工作者越来越意识到，开展具有文化敏感性的对话对于制定HPAI预防与控制方案至关重要。
