Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2013 Oct;25(5):556-63. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2013.09.003. Epub 2013 Oct 20.
Adaptive immunity is characterized by the ability to form long-lived immunological memory. Upon re-exposure to antigen, memory T cells respond more rapidly and robustly than naïve T cells, providing better clearance of pathogens. Recent reviews have reinforced the text-book view that memory T cells arise from effector cells. Although this notion is teleologically appealing, emerging data are more consistent with a model where naïve cells directly develop into memory cells without transitioning through an effector stage. A clear understanding of the lineage relationships between memory and effector cells has profound implications for the design of vaccines and for the development of effective T cell-based therapies.
适应性免疫的特点是形成长期免疫记忆的能力。当再次接触抗原时，记忆 T 细胞的反应比幼稚 T 细胞更快、更强，从而更好地清除病原体。最近的综述加强了教科书上的观点，即记忆 T 细胞来源于效应细胞。尽管这种观点在目的论上是有吸引力的，但新出现的数据更符合这样一种模式，即幼稚细胞直接分化为记忆细胞，而不经过效应阶段。明确记忆细胞和效应细胞之间的谱系关系对疫苗设计和有效基于 T 细胞的治疗方法的发展具有深远的意义。
