Dr Ruth Chan, Research assistant professor, Rm 124021, 10/F Clinical Sciences Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, Telephone number: (852) 2632 2190, Fax number: (852) 2637 9215, Email:
J Nutr Health Aging. 2013 Sep;17(9):757-65. doi: 10.1007/s12603-013-0348-5.
Dietary patterns can be identified using a priori and a posterior approaches. Few studies have related dietary patterns with cognitive impairment in Chinese population. This study examined the risk of cognitive impairment associated with dietary patterns identified by both approaches.
Baseline data on 1,926 Chinese men and 1,744 Chinese women aged > 65 years participating in a cohort study examining the risk factors for osteoporosis in Hong Kong were analyzed. Dietary data were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Adherence to a priori dietary patterns, namely the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) was assessed. Factor analysis (FA) identified three a posterior dietary patterns: "vegetables-fruits" pattern which was rich in vegetables, fruits, soy products and legumes, "snacks-drinks-milk products" pattern which was a mixture of healthy and unhealthy food groups including fast food, sweets and desserts, nuts, milk products and whole grains, and "meat-fish" pattern which included frequent intake of meat, fish and seafood. Cognitive function was assessed by the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSI-D). Multivariate logistic regression examined the risk of cognitive impairment with adjustment for potential confounders.
A total of 221 men and 656 women was classified as cognitive impaired. Neither the MDS nor the dietary patterns identified by FA were associated with risk of cognitive impairment in men. In women, higher "vegetables-fruits" pattern score was associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment [Adjusted OR=0.73 (95% CI: 0.54-1.00) of the highest quartile of "vegetables-fruits" pattern score compared with the lowest quartile, ptrend=0.018]. Similar inverse trend was observed for "snacks-drinks-milk products" pattern score [Adjusted OR=0.65 (95% CI: 0.47-0.90) of the highest quartile of "snacks-drinks-milk products" pattern score compared with the lowest quartile, ptrend=0.003]. There was no association of "meat-fish" pattern or the MDS with risk of cognitive impairment in women.
Higher "vegetables-fruits" and "snacks-drinks-milk products" pattern scores were associated with reduced risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese older women in Hong Kong.
饮食模式可以通过先验和后验方法来识别。很少有研究将饮食模式与中国人群的认知障碍联系起来。本研究探讨了通过这两种方法确定的饮食模式与认知障碍风险的关系。
对参加香港骨质疏松危险因素队列研究的 1926 名中国男性和 1744 名中国女性的基线数据进行了分析。采用经过验证的食物频率问卷收集饮食数据。评估了先验饮食模式（即地中海饮食评分[MDS]）的依从性。因子分析（FA）确定了三种后验饮食模式：富含蔬菜、水果、豆制品和豆类的“蔬菜-水果”模式；“零食-饮料-乳制品”模式，是健康和不健康食物组的混合，包括快餐、甜食和甜点、坚果、乳制品和全谷物；“肉-鱼”模式，包括频繁摄入肉、鱼和海鲜。认知功能通过社区痴呆筛查工具（CSI-D）进行评估。多变量逻辑回归分析调整潜在混杂因素后认知障碍的风险。
共有 221 名男性和 656 名女性被归类为认知障碍。MDS 或 FA 确定的饮食模式与男性认知障碍风险均无关。在女性中，较高的“蔬菜-水果”模式评分与认知障碍风险降低相关[调整后的 OR=0.73（95% CI：0.54-1.00），最高四分位的“蔬菜-水果”模式评分与最低四分位评分相比，ptrend=0.018]。对于“零食-饮料-乳制品”模式评分也观察到类似的反向趋势[调整后的 OR=0.65（95% CI：0.47-0.90），最高四分位的“零食-饮料-乳制品”模式评分与最低四分位评分相比，ptrend=0.003]。在女性中，“肉-鱼”模式或 MDS 与认知障碍风险无关。
在香港的中国老年女性中，较高的“蔬菜-水果”和“零食-饮料-乳制品”模式评分与认知障碍风险降低相关。
