Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas (Dpto. de Biología Ambiental), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza e ICVV, Logroño, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; INRA, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1287 EGFV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33883 Villenave D'Ornon, France; University of Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1287 EGFV, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, 33883 Villenave D'Ornon, France.
Plant Sci. 2013 Dec;213:114-22. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.08.010. Epub 2013 Sep 7.
The present study aimed at evaluating the short- and long-term effects of UV-B radiation on leaves of grapevine Vitis vinifera (cv. Tempranillo). Grapevine fruit-bearing cuttings were exposed to two doses of supplemental biologically effective UV-B radiation (UV-BBE) under glasshouse-controlled conditions: 5.98 and 9.66kJm(-2)d(-1). The treatments were applied either for 20d (from mid-veraison to ripeness) or 75d (from fruit set to ripeness). A 0kJm(-2)d(-1) UV-B treatment was included as control. The main effects of UV-B were observed after the short-term exposure (20d) to 9.66kJm(-2)d(-1). Significant decreases in net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, sub-stomatal CO2 concentration, the actual photosystem II (PSII) efficiency, total soluble proteins and de-epoxidation state of the VAZ cycle were observed, whereas the activities of several antioxidant enzymes increased significantly. UV-B did not markedly affect dark respiration, photorespiration, the maximum potential PSII efficiency (Fv/Fm), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), as well as the intrinsic PSII efficiency. However, after 75d of exposure to 5.98and 9.66kJm(-2)d(-1) UV-B most photosynthetic and biochemical variables were unaffected and there were no sign of oxidative damage in leaves. The results suggest a high long-term acclimation capacity of grapevine to high UV-B levels, associated with a high accumulation of UV-B absorbing compounds in leaves, whereas plants seemed to be tolerant to moderate doses of UV-B.
本研究旨在评估 UV-B 辐射对葡萄（Vitis vinifera cv. Tempranillo）叶片的短期和长期影响。在温室控制条件下，将结果期葡萄的带果嫩枝暴露于两种补充生物有效 UV-B 辐射剂量下：5.98 和 9.66kJm(-2)d(-1)。处理分别持续 20d（从转色期到成熟）或 75d（从果实开始到成熟）。将 0kJm(-2)d(-1)UV-B 处理作为对照。在短期暴露（20d）于 9.66kJm(-2)d(-1)后，观察到了 UV-B 的主要影响。净光合速率、气孔导度、亚气孔 CO2 浓度、实际光系统 II（PSII）效率、总可溶性蛋白和 VAZ 循环的脱氧化状态显著下降，而几种抗氧化酶的活性显著增加。UV-B 对暗呼吸、光呼吸、PSII 最大潜力效率（Fv/Fm）、非光化学猝灭（NPQ）以及固有 PSII 效率没有明显影响。然而，在暴露于 5.98 和 9.66kJm(-2)d(-1)UV-B 75d 后，大多数光合和生化变量不受影响，叶片中没有氧化损伤的迹象。结果表明，葡萄对高水平 UV-B 具有较高的长期适应能力，这与叶片中高浓度的 UV-B 吸收化合物的积累有关，而植物似乎对中等剂量的 UV-B 具有耐受性。
