School of Molecular and Biomedical Science and the Institute for Molecular Pathology, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia.
School of Molecular and Biomedical Science and the Institute for Molecular Pathology, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia.
J Mol Biol. 2014 Mar 20;426(6):1210-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.10.019. Epub 2013 Oct 22.
Viral infection of the cell is able to initiate a signaling cascade of events that ultimately attempts to limit viral replication and prevent escalating infection through expression of host antiviral proteins. Recent work has highlighted the importance of the host antiviral protein viperin in this process, with its ability to limit a large variety of viral infections as well as play a role in the production of type I interferon and the modulation of a number of transcription factor binding sites. Viperin appears to have the ability to modulate varying conditions within the cell and to interfere with proviral host proteins in its attempts to create an unfavorable environment for viral replication. The study of the mechanistic actions of viperin has come a long way in recent years, describing important functional domains of the protein for its antiviral and immune modulator actions as well as demonstrating its role as a member of the radical SAM enzyme family. However, despite the rapid expansion of knowledge regarding the functions of this highly conserved and ancient antiviral protein, there still remains large gaps in our understanding of the precise mechanisms at play for viperin to exert such a wide variety of roles within the cell.
病毒感染细胞能够引发一系列信号事件级联反应，最终试图通过表达宿主抗病毒蛋白来限制病毒复制并防止感染加剧。最近的研究强调了宿主抗病毒蛋白 viperin 在这一过程中的重要性，它能够限制多种病毒感染，同时在产生 I 型干扰素和调节许多转录因子结合位点方面发挥作用。Viperin 似乎能够调节细胞内的各种情况，并在试图为病毒复制创造不利环境时干扰前病毒宿主蛋白。近年来，对 viperin 的作用机制的研究取得了长足的进展，描述了该蛋白在抗病毒和免疫调节作用方面的重要功能域，并证明了其作为激进的 SAM 酶家族成员的作用。然而，尽管我们对这种高度保守和古老的抗病毒蛋白的功能的了解迅速扩大，但对于 viperin 在细胞内发挥如此广泛作用的精确机制，我们仍然存在很大的理解空白。
