Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 Dec;13(12):875-87. doi: 10.1038/nri3547. Epub 2013 Oct 25.
As we age, the innate immune system becomes dysregulated and is characterized by persistent inflammatory responses that involve multiple immune and non-immune cell types and that vary depending on the cell activation state and tissue context. This ageing-associated basal inflammation, particularly in humans, is thought to be induced by several factors, including the reactivation of latent viral infections and the release of endogenous damage-associated ligands of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Innate immune cell functions that are required to respond to pathogens or vaccines, such as cell migration and PRR signalling, are also impaired in aged individuals. This immune dysregulation may affect conditions associated with chronic inflammation, such as atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.
随着年龄的增长，固有免疫系统失调，其特征是持续的炎症反应，涉及多种免疫和非免疫细胞类型，并且根据细胞激活状态和组织背景而有所不同。这种与年龄相关的基础炎症，特别是在人类中，据认为是由多种因素引起的，包括潜伏病毒感染的重新激活和模式识别受体 (PRR) 的内源性损伤相关配体的释放。固有免疫细胞对病原体或疫苗作出反应所需的功能，如细胞迁移和 PRR 信号转导，在老年人中也受到损害。这种免疫失调可能会影响与慢性炎症相关的疾病，如动脉粥样硬化和阿尔茨海默病。
