Albany Medical College, Department of Anesthesiology, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-131, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2014 Jan 5;722:67-78. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.074. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
Opioids are broad spectrum analgesics that are an integral part of the therapeutic armamentarium to combat pain in the palliative care population. Unfortunately, among the adverse effects of opioids that may be experienced along with analgesia is nausea, vomiting, and/or retching. Although it is conceivable that in the future, using combination agents (opioids combined with agents which may nullify emetic effects), currently nausea/vomiting remains a significant issue for certain patients. However, there exists potential current strategies that may be useful in efforts to diminish the frequency and/or intensity of opioid-induced nausea/vomiting (OINV).
阿片类药物是广谱镇痛药，是姑息治疗人群对抗疼痛的治疗武器库的重要组成部分。不幸的是，阿片类药物除了具有镇痛作用外，还可能产生恶心、呕吐和/或干呕等不良反应。尽管可以想象，在未来，使用联合制剂（阿片类药物与可能消除呕吐作用的制剂联合使用），目前恶心/呕吐仍然是某些患者的一个重大问题。然而，目前存在一些潜在的策略，可能有助于减少阿片类药物引起的恶心/呕吐（OINV）的频率和/或强度。
