Tarumi Takashi, Gonzales Mitzi M, Fallow Bennett, Nualnim Nantinee, Pyron Martha, Tanaka Hirofumi, Haley Andreana P
aDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Education bDepartment of Psychology cImaging Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin dMedicine in Motion, Austin, Texas, USA.
J Hypertens. 2013 Dec;31(12):2400-9. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e328364decc.
Midlife vascular disease risk is a strong risk factor for late-life dementia. Central arterial stiffness, a hallmark of vascular aging, is associated with accelerated brain aging and cognitive decline. Habitual aerobic exercise is an effective lifestyle strategy to reduce central arterial stiffness and is related to lower risk of cognitive impairment.
To determine the associations among cardiopulmonary fitness, neuropsychological function, central arterial stiffness, and cerebral perfusion in the sedentary and endurance-trained middle-aged adults.
Twenty-six sedentary and 32 endurance-trained middle-aged adults were measured for maximal oxygen consumption, central arterial stiffness determined by aortic pulse wave velocity and carotid ultrasound, neuropsychological function, and regional cerebral blood flow assessed by MRI.
There were no group differences in age, sex, ethnicity, education, blood pressure, and carotid intima-media wall thickness (all P>0.05). Neuropsychological performance and occipitoparietal perfusion were greater, and central arterial stiffness was lower in endurance-trained individuals than in sedentary individuals (all P<0.05). Greater cardiopulmonary fitness was related to better cognitive composite scores, including memory and attention-executive function (r=0.28-0.40, P<0.05). Lower carotid arterial stiffness was associated with better neuropsychological outcome independent of age, sex, and education (r=-0.32 to -0.35, P<0.05), and correlated with greater occipitoparietal blood flow (r= -0.37 to -0.51, P<0.05).
Lower carotid artery stiffness in endurance-trained adults is associated with better neuropsychological outcome and greater occipitoparietal perfusion.
中年血管疾病风险是晚年痴呆的一个重要风险因素。中心动脉僵硬度是血管老化的一个标志，与脑老化加速和认知衰退相关。习惯性有氧运动是降低中心动脉僵硬度的一种有效生活方式策略，并且与较低的认知障碍风险相关。
确定久坐不动和进行耐力训练的中年成年人的心肺适能、神经心理功能、中心动脉僵硬度和脑灌注之间的关联。
对26名久坐不动的中年成年人和32名进行耐力训练的中年成年人测量了最大耗氧量，通过主动脉脉搏波速度和颈动脉超声测定中心动脉僵硬度，评估神经心理功能，并通过磁共振成像评估局部脑血流量。
两组在年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、血压和颈动脉内膜中层厚度方面均无差异（所有P>0.05）。耐力训练个体的神经心理表现和枕顶叶灌注更好，中心动脉僵硬度低于久坐不动的个体（所有P<0.05）。更高的心肺适能与更好的认知综合评分相关，包括记忆和注意力执行功能（r=0.28-0.40，P<0.05）。较低的颈动脉僵硬度与更好的神经心理结果相关，独立于年龄、性别和教育程度（r=-0.32至-0.35，P<0.
