住宅土壤金属浓度的时空变化：对暴露评估的影响。
Temporal and spatial variation in residential soil metal concentrations: implications for exposure assessments.
机构信息
School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 715 No. Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 800 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
出版信息
Environ Pollut. 2014 Feb;185:365-8. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.10.018. Epub 2013 Nov 15.
Understanding temporal and spatial variation in soil chemicals is critical in exposure assessments. We measured eight metals in subsamples, duplicates (0.3 m), and repeat soil samples taken 1-6 years after initial sampling (5 m). We estimated variance components (VCs) of metal concentrations using nested analyses accounting for sampling area, land use and soil type, and calculated coefficients of variation (CVs) for repeat sample pairs. Total variance for all metals was similar, but VCs were proportioned differently by metal and sample type. Spatial variation explained the majority of variance in duplicate samples. CVs of metal concentrations were not significantly different over the long time interval, but repeat samples had larger VCs for unexplained error. Sampling area and land use were important for Ba and Mn, and Pb and Hg, respectively. Results suggest metals are stable over long times and suitable for exposure assessments, but that individual metal behavior should be considered.
了解土壤化学物质的时空变化在暴露评估中至关重要。我们在初始采样后 1-6 年（约 5 米）采集了亚样本、重复样本（约 0.3 米）和重复土壤样本，测量了其中的 8 种金属。我们使用嵌套分析来估计金属浓度的方差分量（VC），并考虑了采样区域、土地利用和土壤类型，为重复样本对计算了变异系数（CV）。所有金属的总方差相似，但 VC 因金属和样本类型而异。空间变化解释了重复样本中大部分的方差。在长时间间隔内，金属浓度的 CV 没有显著差异，但重复样本的未解释误差的 VC 更大。采样区域和土地利用对 Ba 和 Mn 以及 Pb 和 Hg 分别很重要。结果表明，金属在长时间内是稳定的，适合暴露评估，但应考虑个别金属的行为。
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