Department of Biomedical Engineering, ‡Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, §Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States.
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2014 Jan 15;5(1):2-13. doi: 10.1021/cn400182z. Epub 2013 Dec 5.
The effectiveness of noninvasive treatment for central nervous system (CNS) diseases is generally limited by the poor access of therapeutic agents into the CNS. Most CNS drugs cannot permeate into the brain parenchyma because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and overcoming this has become one of the most significant challenges in the development of CNS therapeutics. Rapid advances in nanotechnology have provided promising solutions to this challenge. This review discusses the latest applications of dendrimers in the treatment of CNS diseases with an emphasis on brain tumors. Dendrimer-mediated drug delivery, imaging, and diagnosis are also reviewed. The toxicity, biodistribution, and transport mechanisms in dendrimer-mediated delivery of CNS therapeutic agents bypassing or crossing the BBB are also discussed. Future directions and major challenges of dendrimer-mediated delivery of CNS therapeutic agents are included.
非侵入性治疗中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病的效果通常受到治疗剂进入 CNS 的不良途径的限制。由于血脑屏障（BBB）的存在，大多数 CNS 药物无法渗透到脑实质中，克服这一障碍已成为 CNS 治疗药物开发中最具挑战性的问题之一。纳米技术的快速发展为这一挑战提供了有希望的解决方案。本文讨论了树突状聚合物在 CNS 疾病治疗中的最新应用，重点是脑肿瘤。还讨论了树突状聚合物介导的药物输送、成像和诊断。还讨论了树突状聚合物介导的 CNS 治疗剂绕过或穿过 BBB 的递药的毒性、生物分布和转运机制。包括 CNS 治疗剂的树突状聚合物介导递送的未来方向和主要挑战。
